The transition to digital learning has made available new sources of data, providing researchers new opportunities for understanding and improving STEM learning. Data sources such as digital learning environments and administrative data systems, as well as data produced by social media websites and the mass digitization of academic and practitioner publications, hold enormous potential to address a range of pressing problems in STEM Education, but collecting and analyzing text-based data also presents unique challenges.
Text Mining (TM) Module 1: Public Sentiment and the State Standards will help demonstrate how text mining can be applied in STEM education research and provide LASER Institute scholars hands-on experience with popular techniques for collecting, processing, and analyzing text-based data. The four LASER Summer Workshop learning labs previewed in this walkthrough address the following topics and are and structured based on the data-intensive research workflow from Learning Analytics Goes to School(Krumm et al., 2018).
Learning Lab 1: Tidy Text, Tokens, & Twitter. We take a closer look at the literature to prepare for our analysis; wrangle our data into a one-token-per-row tidy text format; and use simple word counts to explore our tweets about the common core and next generation science standards.
Learning Lab 2: Come to the Dark Side. We focus on the use of lexicons in our third lab and introduce the {vader} package to model the sentiment of tweets about the NGSS and CCSS state standards in order to better understand public reaction to these two curriculum reform efforts.
Learning Lab 3: A Tale of Two Standards. We wrap our look at public sentiment around STEM state curriculum standards by selecting an analysis that provides some unique insight; refining and polishing a data product; and writing a brief narrative to communicate findings in response to our research questions.
Learning Lab 4: rTweet & the Twitter API (Optional). This supplemental learning lab will get you up and running with the Twitter API in case you are interested in using data from Twitter in your own research. This lab can only be completed by those who created a Twitter Developer account.
Text Mining Module 1 is guided by a recent publication by Understanding Public Sentiment About Educational Reforms: The Next Generation Science Standards on Twitter (Rosenberg et al., 2021). This study in turn builds on upon previous work by Wang & Fikis (2017) examining public opinion on the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) on Twitter. For Module 1, we will focus on analyzing tweets about the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in order to better understand key words and phrases that emerge, as well as public sentiment towards these two curriculum reform efforts.
System-wide educational reforms are difficult to implement in the United States, but despite the difficulties, reforms can be successful, particularly when they are associated with broad public support. This study reports on the nature of the public sentiment expressed about a nationwide science education reform effort, the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). Through the use of data science techniques to measure the sentiment of posts on Twitter about the NGSS (N = 565,283), we found that public sentiment about the NGSS is positive, with only 11 negative posts for every 100 positive posts. In contrast to findings from past research and public opinion polling on the Common Core State Standards, sentiment about the NGSS has become more positive over time—and was especially positive for teachers. We discuss what this positive sentiment may indicate about the success of the NGSS in light of opposition to the Common Core State Standards.
Similar to what we’ll be learning in this lab, Rosenberg et al. used
publicly accessible data from Twitter collected using the Full-Archive
Twitter API and the rtweet package in R. Specifically, the
authors accessed tweets and user information from the hashtag-based
#NGSSchat online community, all tweets that included any of the
following phrases, with “/” indicating an additional phrase featuring
the respective plural form: “ngss”, “next generation science
standard/s”, “next gen science standard/s”.
Data used in this lab was pulled using an Academic Research developer account and the {academictwitter} package, which uses the Twitter API v2 endpoints and allows researchers to access the full twitter archive.
For those that created a standard developer account, the rtweet & the Twitter API supplemental learning lab will show you how to pull your own data from Twitter.
If you created an academic developer account, this brief code snipped, or gist shows you how to access posts for any term over any time period using the {academictwitteR} package.
Data for this lab includes all tweets from January through May of
2021 that included the following terms: #ccss,
common core, #ngsschat, ngss.
Below is an example of the code used to retrieve CCSS data for this lab. It is set not to run, and won’t run if you try because your account isn’t setup/authenticated with Twitter, but it does illustrate the search query used, variables selected, and time frame.
library(academictwitteR)
library(tidyverse)
ccss_tweets_2021 <-
get_all_tweets('(#commoncore OR "common core") -is:retweet lang:en',
"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z",
"2021-05-31T00:00:00Z",
bearer_token,
data_path = "ccss-data/",
bind_tweets = FALSE)
ccss_tweets <- bind_tweet_jsons(data_path = "ccss-data/") %>%
select(text,
created_at,
author_id,
id,
conversation_id,
source,
possibly_sensitive,
in_reply_to_user_id)
write_csv(ccss_tweets, here("data", "ccss-tweets.csv"))
Also similar to what we’ll demonstrate in Lab 3, the authors determined Tweet sentiment using the Java version of SentiStrength to assign tweets to two 5-point scales of sentiment, one for positivity and one for negativity, because SentiStrength is a validated measure for sentiment in short informal texts (Thelwall et al., 2011). In addition, they used this tool because Wang and Fikis (2019) used it to explore the sentiment of CCSS-related posts. We’ll be using the AFINN sentiment lexicon which also assigns words in a tweet to two 5-point scales, in addition to exploring some other sentiment lexicons to see if they produce similar results.
The authors also used the lme4 package in R to run a
mixed effects (or multi-level) model to determine if sentiment changes
over time and differs between teachers and non-teacher. We won’t look at
the relationships between tweet sentiment, time and teachers in these
labs, but we will take a look at the correlation between words within
tweets in TM Learning Lab 2.
Summary of Key Findings
Finally, you can watch Dr. Rosenberg provide a quick 3-minute overview of this work at <https://stanford.app.box.com/s/i5ixkj2b8dyy8q5j9o5ww4nafznb497x>
One overarching question that Silge and Robinson (2018) identify as a central question to text mining and natural language processing, and that we’ll explore throughout the text mining labs this year, is the question:
How do we to quantify what a document or collection of documents is about?
The questions guiding the Rosenberg et al. study attempt to quantify public sentiment around the NGSS and how that sentiment changes over time. Specifically, they asked:
For our first lab on text mining in STEM education, we’ll use approaches similar to those used by the authors cited above to better understand public discourse surrounding these standards, particularly as they relate to STEM education. We will also try to guage public sentiment around the NGSS, by comparing how much more positive or negative NGSS tweets are relative to CSSS tweets. Specifically, in the next four learning lab we’ll attempt to answer the following questions:
As noted in our Getting Started activity, R uses “packages” and add-ons that enhance its functionality. One package that we’ll be using extensively is {tidyverse}. The {tidyverse} package is actually a collection of R packages designed for reading, wrangling, and exploring data and which all share an underlying design philosophy, grammar, and data structures. This shared features are sometimes “tidy data principles.”
Click the green arrow in the right corner of the “code chunk” that follows to load the {tidyverse} library or package:
library(tidyverse)
## ── Attaching packages ─────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse 1.3.1 ──
## ✓ ggplot2 3.3.5 ✓ purrr 0.3.4
## ✓ tibble 3.1.6 ✓ dplyr 1.0.8
## ✓ tidyr 1.2.0 ✓ stringr 1.4.0
## ✓ readr 2.1.2 ✓ forcats 0.5.1
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## x dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
Again, don’t worry if you saw a number of messages: those probably mean that the tidyverse loaded just fine. Any conflicts you may have seen mean that functions in these packages you loaded have the same name as functions in other packages and R will default to function from the last loaded package unless you specify otherwise.
As we’ll learn first hand in this module, using tidy data principles can also make many text mining tasks easier, more effective, and consistent with tools already in wide use. The {tidytext} package helps to convert text into data frames of individual words, making it easy to to manipulate, summarize, and visualize text using using familiar functions form the {tidyverse} collection of packages.
Let’s go ahead and load the {tidytext} package:
library(tidytext)
For a more comprehensive introduction to the tidytext
package, we cannot recommend enough the free online book, Text
Mining with R: A Tidy Approach (Silge &
Robinson, 2017). If you’re interested in pursuing text analysis
using R post Summer Workshop, this will be a go to reference.
The {vader} package is for the Valence Aware Dictionary for sEntiment Reasoning (VADER), a rule-based model for general sentiment analysis of social media text and specifically attuned to measuring sentiment in microblog-like contexts.
To learn more about the {vader} package and its development, take a look at the article by Hutto and Gilbert (2014), VADER: A Parsimonious Rule-based Model forSentiment Analysis of Social Media Text.
Let’s go ahead and load the VADER library:
library(vader)
Note: The {vader} package can take quite some time to run on a large dataset like ours so it’s included in our R-each section for you to explore at your leisure. The example show in the reach section includes just a small(ish) subset of tweets for demonstration purposes.
The importance of data wrangling, particularly when working with text, is difficult to overstate. Just as a refresher, wrangling involves the initial steps of going from raw data to a dataset that can be explored and modeled (Krumm et al., 2018). Learning Lab 2 will have a heavy emphasis on preparing text for analysis and in particular we’ll learn how to:
read_csv() function for reading in our CCSS and NGSS
tweetsFirst, let’s “read” in tweets about the our Common Core State
Standards. We’ll use the read_csv() and here()
functions from the {tidyverse} collection of packages to import
our ccss_tweets.csv file saved in the data folder
accessible from the Files pane of RStudio Cloud.
Run the following code to read in our state standards data, save as a
data frame called ss_tweets in the R environment, and
preview our newly save data:
ss_tweets <- read_csv("data/ss-tweets.csv")
## Rows: 35233 Columns: 6
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (2): standards, text
## dbl (3): author_id, conversation_id, id
## dttm (1): created_at
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
ss_tweets
## # A tibble: 35,233 × 6
## standards text author_id created_at conversation_id id
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 ccss "@catturd2 H… 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 2 ccss "@homebrew15… 1.25e18 2021-01-02 00:40:05 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 3 ccss "@ClayTravis… 8.88e17 2021-01-02 00:32:46 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 4 ccss "@KarenGunby… 1.25e18 2021-01-02 00:24:01 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 5 ccss "@keith3048 … 1.25e 9 2021-01-02 00:23:42 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 6 ccss "Probably co… 1.28e18 2021-01-02 00:18:38 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 7 ccss "@LisaS4680 … 9.22e17 2021-01-02 00:16:11 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 8 ccss "@JerryGl291… 1.22e18 2021-01-02 00:10:29 1.34e18 1.35e18
## 9 ccss "@JBatNC304 … 8.81e17 2021-01-02 00:09:15 1.34e18 1.35e18
## 10 ccss "@chiefaugur… 1.25e18 2021-01-01 23:54:38 1.35e18 1.35e18
## # … with 35,223 more rows
Wow! Those are some exceptionally “spicy” tweets! First impression is that public sentiment, at least as expressed on Twitter, is not very favorable towards the common core!
Let’s take a quick look at a random sample of our “ngss” and “ccss”
standards using the filter() function again and adding the
sample_n() function to take a 20 random CCSS tweets:
ss_tweets %>%
filter(standards == "ccss") %>%
sample_n(20) %>%
relocate(text)
## # A tibble: 20 × 6
## text standards author_id created_at conversation_id id
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 "5th Grade C… ccss 1.30e18 2021-01-24 04:04:52 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 2 "@DrDooleyMD… ccss 1.16e18 2021-01-15 12:55:27 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 3 "@BreitbartL… ccss 2.42e 8 2021-01-22 14:32:15 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 4 "@minilevion… ccss 1.07e18 2021-05-02 05:19:59 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 5 "@AJA_Cortes… ccss 1.64e 8 2021-01-04 05:11:18 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 6 "@SenSchumer… ccss 6.41e 7 2021-04-19 23:01:24 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 7 "@troycombs6… ccss 1.35e18 2021-03-01 01:34:07 1.37e18 1.37e18
## 8 "common core… ccss 1.17e18 2021-01-14 16:44:05 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 9 "Explain Thi… ccss 1.16e18 2021-05-08 00:47:08 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 10 "Someone in … ccss 5.21e 7 2021-02-25 13:20:06 1.36e18 1.36e18
## 11 "@NicholeTif… ccss 1.33e18 2021-04-20 17:12:13 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 12 "@zanneslaw … ccss 2.93e 9 2021-02-01 23:32:55 1.36e18 1.36e18
## 13 "@robertas_w… ccss 8.22e17 2021-05-17 16:22:55 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 14 "Don't let t… ccss 9.44e17 2021-04-23 14:17:15 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 15 "Schools Tes… ccss 1.52e 8 2021-01-17 08:25:02 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 16 "@SquawkCNBC… ccss 1.11e18 2021-01-21 14:23:23 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 17 "@angeliciou… ccss 1.04e18 2021-01-10 20:56:37 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 18 "When my kid… ccss 9.70e17 2021-05-04 13:19:21 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 19 "Only in che… ccss 2.17e 9 2021-04-06 01:57:41 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 20 "When she wa… ccss 9.11e 8 2021-02-12 14:00:41 1.36e18 1.36e18
Now, use the code chunk below to take a sample of the NGSS tweets:
ss_tweets %>%
filter(standards == "ngss") %>%
sample_n(20) %>%
relocate(text)
## # A tibble: 20 × 6
## text standards author_id created_at conversation_id id
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 "Class is 🔥… ngss 2.31e 9 2021-03-26 15:46:03 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 2 "Interesting… ngss 7.03e17 2021-05-09 17:07:54 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 3 "Leftovers f… ngss 2.76e 9 2021-02-05 19:31:45 1.36e18 1.36e18
## 4 "We provide … ngss 9.22e 8 2021-02-11 21:57:55 1.36e18 1.36e18
## 5 "#NGSS Quest… ngss 3.77e 9 2021-03-18 12:34:54 1.37e18 1.37e18
## 6 "Q1 Please r… ngss 1.45e 9 2021-03-19 01:07:56 1.37e18 1.37e18
## 7 "@flabellina… ngss 2.82e 9 2021-01-08 02:16:20 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 8 "Advice on m… ngss 3.34e 8 2021-01-22 10:54:53 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 9 "#climatecha… ngss 2.49e 7 2021-04-01 21:36:42 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 10 "How IS lear… ngss 4.92e 9 2021-04-26 18:51:25 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 11 "Equity. Fun… ngss 1.01e18 2021-04-14 13:02:06 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 12 "@NGSS_tweep… ngss 8.36e17 2021-05-03 14:02:55 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 13 "@NGSS_tweep… ngss 1.95e 9 2021-04-21 14:40:47 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 14 "Attention M… ngss 8.84e 8 2021-04-07 14:05:02 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 15 "A2. We've b… ngss 1.85e 8 2021-05-07 01:14:14 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 16 "@NGSS_tweep… ngss 4.52e 9 2021-02-17 22:35:47 1.36e18 1.36e18
## 17 "We're honor… ngss 3.02e 9 2021-05-25 18:40:35 1.40e18 1.40e18
## 18 "I don't gra… ngss 7.21e 8 2021-03-25 14:32:17 1.38e18 1.38e18
## 19 "@AOJASONLea… ngss 1.45e 9 2021-05-08 13:55:22 1.39e18 1.39e18
## 20 "Like that s… ngss 4.01e 7 2021-05-06 19:43:21 1.39e18 1.39e18
Based on this very limited sample, which set of standards do you think Twitter users are more negative about?
RStudio Tip: Importing data and dealing with data types can be a bit tricky, especially for beginners. Fortunately, RStudio has an “Import Dataset” feature in the Environment Pane that can help you use the {readr} package and associated functions to greatly facilitate this process.
Text data by it’s very nature is ESPECIALLY untidy and is sometimes
referred to as “unstructured” data. In this section we are introduced to
the tidytext package and will learn some new functions to
convert text to and from tidy formats. Having our text in a tidy format
will allow us to switch seamlessly between tidy tools and existing text
mining packages, while also making it easier to visualize text summaries
in other data analysis tools like Tableau.
In Chapter 1 of Text Mining with R, Silge & Robinson (2017) define the tidy text format as a table with one-token-per-row, and explain that:
A token is a meaningful unit of text, such as a word, two-word phrase (bigram), or sentence that we are interested in using for analysis. And tokenization is the process of splitting text into tokens.
This one-token-per-row structure is in contrast to the ways text is often stored for text analysis, perhaps as strings in a corpus object or in a document-term matrix. For tidy text mining, the token that is stored in each row is most often a single word, but can also be an n-gram, sentence, or paragraph.
For this part of our workflow, our goal is to transform our
ss_tweets data from this:
head(relocate(ss_tweets, text))
## # A tibble: 6 × 6
## text standards author_id created_at conversation_id id
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 "@catturd2 Hm… ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 2 "@homebrew150… ccss 1.25e18 2021-01-02 00:40:05 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 3 "@ClayTravis … ccss 8.88e17 2021-01-02 00:32:46 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 4 "@KarenGunby … ccss 1.25e18 2021-01-02 00:24:01 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 5 "@keith3048 I… ccss 1.25e 9 2021-01-02 00:23:42 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 6 "Probably com… ccss 1.28e18 2021-01-02 00:18:38 1.35e18 1.35e18
Into a “tidy text” one-token-per-row format that looks like this:
tidy_tweets <- ss_tweets %>%
unnest_tokens(output = word,
input = text) %>%
relocate(word)
head(tidy_tweets)
## # A tibble: 6 × 6
## word standards author_id created_at conversation_id id
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 catturd2 ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 2 hmmmm ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 3 common ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 4 core ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 5 math ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 6 now ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
Later in the year, we’ll learn about other data structures for text analysis like the document-term matrix and corpus objects. For now, however, working with the familiar tidy data frame allows us to take advantage of popular packages that use the shared tidyverse syntax and principles for wrangling, exploring, and modeling data.
As demonstrated above, the tidytext package provides the
incredibly powerful unnest_tokens() function to tokenize
text (including tweets!) and convert them to a one-token-per-row
format.
Let’s tokenize our tweets by using this function to split each tweet into a single row to make it easier to analyze and take a look:
ss_tokens <- unnest_tokens(ss_tweets,
output = word,
input = text,
token = "tweets")
## Using `to_lower = TRUE` with `token = 'tweets'` may not preserve URLs.
head(relocate(ss_tokens, word))
## # A tibble: 6 × 6
## word standards author_id created_at conversation_id id
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 @catturd2 ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 2 hmmmm ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 3 common ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 4 core ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 5 math ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
## 6 now ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18
There is A LOT to unpack with this function:
unnest_tokens() expects a data frame
as the first argument, followed by two column names.word in this case).text.author_id and created_at, are
retained.to_lower = FALSE argument to turn off if desired).“tweets” tokenizer in the
tokens = argument retains hashtags and mentions of
usernames with the @ symbol as illustrated by @catturd2.Note: Since {tidytext} follows tidy data principles,
we also could have used the %>% operator to pass our
data frame to the unnest_tokens() function like so:
ss_tokens <- ss_tweets %>%
unnest_tokens(output = word,
input = text,
token = "tweets")
## Using `to_lower = TRUE` with `token = 'tweets'` may not preserve URLs.
How many observations were our original ss_tweets
data frame?
How many observations are there now? Why the difference?
Before we move any further let’s take a quick look at the most common
word in our two datasets. To do so, we’ll introduce the easy to use
count() function from the {dplyr} package.
Like most functions we’ve introduced, the first argument
count() expects is a data frame which we provided with the
%>% operator, followed but the column, in our case
word, whose values we want to count:
ss_tokens %>%
count(word, sort = TRUE)
## # A tibble: 74,235 × 2
## word n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 common 26665
## 2 core 26470
## 3 the 25818
## 4 to 20478
## 5 and 15552
## 6 of 13106
## 7 a 12472
## 8 math 11788
## 9 is 11562
## 10 in 10076
## # … with 74,225 more rows
Well, many of these tweets are clearly about the CCSS and math at least, but beyond that it’s a bit hard to tell because there are so many “stop words” like “the”, “to”, “and”, “in” that don’t carry much meaning by themselves.
Often in text analysis, we will want to remove these stop words if
they are not useful for an analysis. The stop_words dataset
in the {tidytext} package contains stop words from three lexicons. We
can use them all together, as we have here, or filter() to
only use one set of stop words if that is more appropriate for a certain
analysis.
Let’s take a closer the lexicons and stop words included in each:
View(stop_words)
anti_join FunctionIn order to remove these stop words, we will use a function
called anti_join() that looks for matching values in a
specific column from two datasets and returns rows from the original
dataset that have no matches like so:
For a good overview of the different dplyr joins see
here: https://medium.com/the-codehub/beginners-guide-to-using-joins-in-r-682fc9b1f119.
Now let’s remove stop words that don’t help us learn much about what people are saying about the state standards.
ss_tokens_1 <- anti_join(ss_tokens,
stop_words,
by = "word")
head(ss_tokens_1)
## # A tibble: 6 × 6
## standards author_id created_at conversation_id id word
## <chr> <dbl> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
## 1 ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 @catturd2
## 2 ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 hmmmm
## 3 ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 common
## 4 ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 core
## 5 ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 math
## 6 ccss 1609854356 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 makes
Notice that we’ve specified the by = argument to look
for matching words in the word column for both data sets
and remove any rows from the tweet_tokens dataset that
match the stop_words dataset.
Remember when we first tokenized our dataset I conveniently
chose output = word as the column name because it matches
the column name word in the stop_words dataset
contained in the tidytext package. This makes our call
to anti_join()simpler
because anti_join() knows to look for the column
named word in each dataset. However this wasn’t really
necessary since word is the only matching column name in
both datasets and it would have matched those columns by default.
Use the code chunk below to take a quick count of the most common
tokens in our ss_tweets_1 data frame to see if the results
are a little more meaningful, then answer the questions that follow.
# COUNT TOKENS
ss_tokens_1 %>%
count(word, sort = TRUE)
## # A tibble: 73,596 × 2
## word n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 common 26665
## 2 core 26470
## 3 math 11788
## 4 #ngsschat 3059
## 5 amp 2904
## 6 #ngss 2655
## 7 students 2559
## 8 science 2300
## 9 standards 2273
## 10 education 2174
## # … with 73,586 more rows
How many unique tokens are in our tidied text?
How many times does the word “math” occur in our set of tweets?
Notice that the nonsense word “amp” is among our high frequency words as well as some. We can create our own custom stop word list to to weed out any additional words that don’t carry much meaning but skew our data by being so prominent.
Let’s create a custom stop word list by using the simple
c() function to combine our words. We can the add a filter
to keep rows where words in our word column do NOT
! match words %in% my_stopwords
list:
my_stopwords <- c("amp", "=", "+")
ss_tokens_2 <-
ss_tokens_1 %>%
filter(!word %in% my_stopwords)
Let’s take a look at our top words again and see if that did the trick:
ss_tokens_2 %>%
count(word, sort = TRUE)
## # A tibble: 73,593 × 2
## word n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 common 26665
## 2 core 26470
## 3 math 11788
## 4 #ngsschat 3059
## 5 #ngss 2655
## 6 students 2559
## 7 science 2300
## 8 standards 2273
## 9 education 2174
## 10 school 2154
## # … with 73,583 more rows
Much better! Note that we could extend this stop word list indefinitely. Feel free to use the code chunk below to try adding more words to our stop list.
Before we move any further, let’s save our tidied tweets as a new data frame for Section 3 and take a quick look at it:
ss_tidy_tweets <- ss_tokens_2
ss_tidy_tweets
## # A tibble: 466,948 × 6
## standards author_id created_at conversation_id id word
## <chr> <dbl> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
## 1 ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 @catturd2
## 2 ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 hmmmm
## 3 ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 common
## 4 ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 core
## 5 ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 math
## 6 ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 makes
## 7 ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 sense
## 8 ccss 1.61e 9 2021-01-02 00:49:28 1.35e18 1.35e18 😄
## 9 ccss 1.25e18 2021-01-02 00:40:05 1.35e18 1.35e18 @homebrew1500
## 10 ccss 1.25e18 2021-01-02 00:40:05 1.35e18 1.35e18 agree
## # … with 466,938 more rows
Calculating summary statistics, data visualization, and feature engineering (the process of creating new variables from a dataset) are a key part of exploratory data analysis. For our first lab, we’re going to keep things super simple and focus on:
Top Tokens. Since once of our goals is to compare tweets about the NGSS and CSSS standards, we’ll take a look at the to 50 words that appear in each.
Word Clouds. To help illustrate the relative frequency each of these top 50 words occurs, we’ll introduce the {wordclouds2} package for creating interactive word clouds that can be knitted with your HTML doc.
First, let’s take advantage of the the %>% operator
combine some of the functions we’ve used above with the
top_n() function from the {dplyr} package. By default, this
function is looking for a data frame as the first argument, and then the
number of rows to return.
Let’s take a look at the top tokens among the CCSS tweets by
filtering our standards by CCSS, removing our search terms
“common” and “core”, and counting the number of times each
word occurs, and taking the look at the 50 most common
words:
ccss_top_tokens <- ss_tidy_tweets %>%
filter(standards == "ccss") %>%
filter(!word %in% c("common", "core")) %>%
count(word, sort = TRUE) %>%
top_n(50)
## Selecting by n
ccss_top_tokens
## # A tibble: 50 × 2
## word n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 math 11688
## 2 education 1917
## 3 kids 1821
## 4 standards 1810
## 5 school 1806
## 6 dont 1622
## 7 grade 1443
## 8 people 1410
## 9 im 1302
## 10 schools 1279
## # … with 40 more rows
Not surprisingly to those familiar with the debate around the Common Core, but word “math” also features prominently among CCSS tweets!
Word clouds are much maligned and sometimes referred to as the “pie charts of text analysis”, but they can be useful for communicating simple summaries of qualitative data for education practitioners and are intuitive for them to interpret. Also, for better or worse, these are now included as a default visualization for open-ended survey items in online Qualtrics reports and you can even add your own stop words.
The {wordclouds2} package is pretty dead simple tool for generating
HTML based word clouds. By default, when you pass a data frame to the
wordcloud2() function, it will look for a word column and a
column with frequencies or counts, i.e., our column n that
we created with the count() function.
Let’s load the {wordclouds2} library, and run the
wordcloud2() function on our ccss_top_tokens
data frame.
library(wordcloud2)
wordcloud2(ccss_top_tokens)
As you can see, “math” is a pretty common topic when discussing the common core on twitter but words like “core” and “common” – which you can see better if you click the “show in a new window” button or run the code in you console – are not very helpful since those were in our search terms when pulling data from Twitter. For your Reach in this lab, you’ll be asked to remove those words using what you’ve learned so far about data wrangling.
In the code chunk below, filter, count and select the top 50 tokens to create a word cloud for the NGSS tweets. A gold star if you can can do it without using the assignment operator!
ss_tidy_tweets %>%
filter(standards == "ngss") %>%
filter(!word %in% c("#ngss", "science", "ngss", "standards", "#ngsschat")) %>%
count(word, sort = TRUE) %>%
top_n(50) %>%
wordcloud2()
## Selecting by n
Also, take a look at the help file for wordclouds2 to
see if there might be otherwise you could visually improve this
visualization.
As highlighted in Chapter 3 of Data Science in Education Using R , the Model step of the data science process entails “using statistical models, from simple to complex, to understand trends and patterns in the data.” The authors note that while descriptive statistics and data visualization during the Explore step can help us to identify patterns and relationships in our data, statistical models can be used to help us determine if relationships, patterns and trends are actually meaningful.
Recall from the PREPARE section that the Rosenberg et al. study, and consequently this learning lab, was guided in part by the following question:
What is the public sentiment expressed toward the NGSS?
Silge & Robinson (Silge & Robinson, 2017) point out that, “one way to analyze the sentiment of a text is to consider the text as a combination of its individual words and the sentiment content of the whole text as the sum of the sentiment content of the individual words.” This isn’t the only way to approach sentiment analysis, but it is an easier entry point into sentiment analysis and one that often-used.
To analyze the sentiment of tweets, Rosenberg et al. used SentiStrength to assign tweets to two 5-point scales of sentiment, one for positivity and one for negativity, because SentiStrength is a validated measure for sentiment in short informal texts (Thelwall et al., 2011). The authors found that in contrast with sentiment about CSSS, sentiment about the NGSS science education reform effort is overwhelmingly positive, with approximately 9 positive tweets for every negative tweet.
For this workshop, we’ll be using the AFINN sentiment lexicon which also assigns words in a tweet to two 5-point scales, in addition to exploring some other sentiment lexicons to see if they produce similar results.
The {tidytext} package introduced earlier provides access to several sentiment lexicons based on unigrams, i.e., single words. These lexicons contain many English words and the words are assigned scores for positive/negative sentiment, and also possibly emotions like joy, anger, sadness, etc.
The three general-purpose lexicons we’ll focus on are:
AFINN assigns words with a score that runs between
-5 and 5, with negative scores indicating negative sentiment and
positive scores indicating positive sentiment. AFINN is very similar to
the lexicon used in our guiding study by Rosenberg et
al. (2021)
bing categorizes words in a binary fashion into
positive and negative categories.
nrc categorizes words in a binary fashion
(“yes”/“no”) into categories of positive, negative, anger, anticipation,
disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise, and trust.
Note that if this is your first time using the AFINN and NRC lexicons and you are working in RStudio Desktop, you’ll be prompted to download both. Respond yes to the prompt by entering “1” and the NRC and AFINN lexicons will download. You’ll only have to do this the first time you use the NRC lexicon.
Let’s take a quick look at each of these lexicons using the
get_sentiments() function and assign them to their
respective names for later use:
afinn <- get_sentiments("afinn")
afinn
## # A tibble: 2,477 × 2
## word value
## <chr> <dbl>
## 1 abandon -2
## 2 abandoned -2
## 3 abandons -2
## 4 abducted -2
## 5 abduction -2
## 6 abductions -2
## 7 abhor -3
## 8 abhorred -3
## 9 abhorrent -3
## 10 abhors -3
## # … with 2,467 more rows
bing <- get_sentiments("bing")
bing
## # A tibble: 6,786 × 2
## word sentiment
## <chr> <chr>
## 1 2-faces negative
## 2 abnormal negative
## 3 abolish negative
## 4 abominable negative
## 5 abominably negative
## 6 abominate negative
## 7 abomination negative
## 8 abort negative
## 9 aborted negative
## 10 aborts negative
## # … with 6,776 more rows
nrc <- get_sentiments("nrc")
nrc
## # A tibble: 13,875 × 2
## word sentiment
## <chr> <chr>
## 1 abacus trust
## 2 abandon fear
## 3 abandon negative
## 4 abandon sadness
## 5 abandoned anger
## 6 abandoned fear
## 7 abandoned negative
## 8 abandoned sadness
## 9 abandonment anger
## 10 abandonment fear
## # … with 13,865 more rows
In the previous section, we used anti_join() to remove
stop words in our dataset. For sentiment analysis, we’re going use the
inner_join() function to do something similar.
Unlike the anti_join() function that removes rows that
contain words matching those in our stop words dictionary,
inner_join() allows us to keep only the rows with words
that match words in our sentiment lexicons, or dictionaries, along with
the sentiment measure for that word from the sentiment lexicon.
Let’s use inner_join() to combine our two
tidy_tweets and afinn data frames, keeping
only rows with matching data in the word column:
sentiment_afinn <- inner_join(ss_tidy_tweets, afinn, by = "word")
sentiment_afinn %>% select(word, value)
## # A tibble: 33,579 × 2
## word value
## <chr> <dbl>
## 1 agree 1
## 2 crap -3
## 3 dump -1
## 4 complain -2
## 5 crap -3
## 6 shit -4
## 7 matter 1
## 8 stupid -2
## 9 stupid -2
## 10 wow 4
## # … with 33,569 more rows
Notice that each word in your sentiment_afinn data frame
now contains a value ranging from -5 (very negative) to 5 (very
positive).
Since we want to calculate a single score for each tweet, rather than
for each word, we’ll use the group_by() and
summarize() functions group by standards and
id and then use the sum() function to add the
total sentiment value for each tweet.
Run the code below to calculate an overall sentiment score for each tweet:
afinn_score <- tidy_tweets %>%
inner_join(afinn, by = "word") %>%
group_by(standards, id) %>%
summarise(value = sum(value))
afinn_score
## # A tibble: 22,799 × 3
## # Groups: standards [2]
## standards id value
## <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 ccss 1.34e18 0
## 2 ccss 1.34e18 0
## 3 ccss 1.34e18 5
## 4 ccss 1.34e18 -6
## 5 ccss 1.34e18 2
## 6 ccss 1.34e18 -4
## 7 ccss 1.34e18 2
## 8 ccss 1.34e18 1
## 9 ccss 1.34e18 1
## 10 ccss 1.34e18 0
## # … with 22,789 more rows
In the output above, we can see that our first tweet was total value of -2 so would be considered negative.
Like Rosenberg et al., we want to add a flag for whether the tweet is “positive” or “negative”. To do this, we need to:
remove all “neutral” tweets with a value equal to 0, or in other words, keep all tweets with a value not equal to 0;
add the mutate function to create a new
sentiment column to indicate whether that tweets was
positive or negative;
use an if_else function from the dplyr
package for our sentiment value adds “negative” to the
sentiment column if the score in the value
column of the corresponding row is less than 0, and a “positive” to the
row for all other values.
afinn_sentiment <- afinn_score %>%
filter(value != 0) %>% #hint: keep tweets with value not equal to 0
mutate(sentiment = if_else(value < 0, "negative", "positive"))
afinn_sentiment
## # A tibble: 21,610 × 4
## # Groups: standards [2]
## standards id value sentiment
## <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
## 1 ccss 1.34e18 5 positive
## 2 ccss 1.34e18 -6 negative
## 3 ccss 1.34e18 2 positive
## 4 ccss 1.34e18 -4 negative
## 5 ccss 1.34e18 2 positive
## 6 ccss 1.34e18 1 positive
## 7 ccss 1.34e18 1 positive
## 8 ccss 1.34e18 -2 negative
## 9 ccss 1.34e18 2 positive
## 10 ccss 1.34e18 -1 negative
## # … with 21,600 more rows
Finally, we’re ready to compute our ratio. To do so, we need to:
use the group_by() function to group by
standards;
add the count() function to count the number of
“positive” and “negative” tweets in the sentiment column
for each standards;
separate our sentiment counts into columns for positive and
negative tweet counts using the spread() function; and
finally,
create a new column that to compute the ratio of
negative to postive tweets.
Run the following code to calculate the ratio of negative to positive tweets:
afinn_ratio <- afinn_sentiment %>%
group_by(standards) %>%
count(sentiment) %>%
spread(sentiment, n) %>%
mutate(ratio = negative/positive)
afinn_ratio
## # A tibble: 2 × 4
## # Groups: standards [2]
## standards negative positive ratio
## <chr> <int> <int> <dbl>
## 1 ccss 8225 7674 1.07
## 2 ngss 541 5170 0.105
We see that there is about 1 negative tweet for every one positive tweet for the CSSS, but only about 1 in every 10 tweets is negative for the NGSS.
Let’s see how these results compare to a slightly more sophisticated approach to determining tweet sentiment.
As noted in the PERPARE section, the {vader} package is for the Valence Aware Dictionary for sEntiment Reasoning (VADER), a rule-based model for general sentiment analysis of social media text and specifically attuned to measuring sentiment in microblog-like contexts.
Unlike our our previous approach of assigning sentiment to each individual word in our corpus of tweets, the VADER assigns a number of different sentiment measures based on the context of the entire social-media post or in our case a tweet. So rather than working with tidy text, we’ll need to work with our tweets in their original format.
VADER can also take a little while to run since it’s computationally
intensive so let’s read in our original ccss-tweets.csv and
take at just a sample of 500 untidied CCSS tweets using the
sample_n() function
ccss_sample <- read_csv("data/ccss-tweets.csv") %>%
sample_n(500)
## Rows: 27230 Columns: 8
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (2): text, source
## dbl (4): author_id, id, conversation_id, in_reply_to_user_id
## lgl (1): possibly_sensitive
## dttm (1): created_at
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
ccss_sample
## # A tibble: 500 × 8
## text created_at author_id id conversation_id source
## <chr> <dttm> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
## 1 "@leslibless Ye… 2021-05-12 10:13:32 2.93e 9 1.39e18 1.39e18 Twitt…
## 2 "teacher plug h… 2021-03-12 20:36:15 1.22e 9 1.37e18 1.37e18 Twitt…
## 3 "@B911Izzy @Ha_… 2021-05-22 20:12:18 1.30e18 1.40e18 1.40e18 Twitt…
## 4 "What better ti… 2021-04-04 02:26:05 2.36e 8 1.38e18 1.38e18 Twitt…
## 5 "Ke Kula o’ Pi'… 2021-01-27 18:30:58 1.65e 8 1.35e18 1.35e18 Hoots…
## 6 "@sumama02g @MJ… 2021-01-04 02:31:37 4.29e 8 1.35e18 1.35e18 Twitt…
## 7 "From the guy w… 2021-02-16 17:26:02 1.11e18 1.36e18 1.36e18 Twitt…
## 8 "@Longtimepatri… 2021-02-15 17:18:17 1.36e18 1.36e18 1.36e18 Twitt…
## 9 "so many other … 2021-02-17 18:54:55 3.00e 9 1.36e18 1.36e18 Twitt…
## 10 "@AmyGore3 @pal… 2021-02-23 15:46:45 9.74e17 1.36e18 1.36e18 Twitt…
## # … with 490 more rows, and 2 more variables: possibly_sensitive <lgl>,
## # in_reply_to_user_id <dbl>
Note above that we passed our read_csv() output directly
to our sample() function rather than saving a new data
frame object, passing that to sample_n(), and saving as
another data frame object. The power of the %>%
pipe!
On to the Dark Side. The {vader} package basically has just one
function, vader_df() that does one thing and expects just
one column from one frame. He’s very single minded! Let’s give VADER our
ccss_sample data frame and include the $
operator to include only the text column containing our
tweets.
vader_ccss <- vader_df(ccss_sample$text)
## Warning in if (valence < 0) {: the condition has length > 1 and only the first
## element will be used
## Warning in sentiments[i] <- senti_valence(wpe, i, item): number of items to
## replace is not a multiple of replacement length
vader_ccss
## text
## 1 @leslibless Yeah, kinda does not add up. Unless you are using common core math.
## 2 teacher plug here: I'm all for Common Core Math. \n\nIs it new math? It's not. It's a conceptual way of showing mathematical principles for students to explore how the math works & why the math makes sense, practice & play with different methods, & collaborate to validate thinking.
## 3 @B911Izzy @Ha_chandler there’s other books.. saxton math is really great, there are english and science and history books too that are older than common core! my mom used them with my siblings. (i was public schooled and i do not claim to have a through and good education)
## 4 What better time than now. I'd never say a pandemic is a blessing but it gives us a chance to reimagine a more humane education, with a common core that matters.
## 5 Ke Kula o’ Pi'ilani School of Maui, the independent, nonprofit Hawaiian language school, founded in 2016, is the only school in the state to offer a curriculum of Hawaiian language, culture + a common core grading system created entirely by the teacher https://t.co/e0V7Vi2ozu
## 6 @sumama02g @MJohnson5335 @charliekirk11 And the arrogance, condescension, stupidity, obstinacy and ignorance continues. I’d really like to give alleged “people” like yourself the benefit of the doubt, but you alleged “people” won’t let me. Btw how’s your Common Core math lessons coming along?
## 7 From the guy who brought you “Common Core: now your kids don’t understand math,” we now have “More Processed Food: 6-11 servings of grains a day wasn’t enough.” https://t.co/IuTc4TxROK
## 8 @Longtimepatriot @catturd2 Formerly known as the 4 seasons, that must be common core earth science.
## 9 so many other resources with excellent specialized instructors sans indoctrination and #billgatesisnotadoctor common core. https://t.co/z8pPTS2unf
## 10 @AmyGore3 @palan57 Nothing like what the Common Core has done for corporations. Can't even touch it! Don't bother getting back to us because it is the truth. The Common Core was the stupidest legislation that both B and O signed off on. Easily duped but now teachers how slanted the system is.
## 11 @Rkreb1 More Pressing if we do some Common Core Calculus: There are more than zero men out there who would sleep with her.
## 12 @Stop_Trump20 Is that the new common core math?
## 13 @minilevion math only sucked when they added common core cause then they added unnecessary steps to simple problems
## 14 A 1 I The Common Core had a big hand in eliminating fiction writing from middle &!high school. Also, Ts find grading papers that shouldn’t be reduced to rubrics difficult. We are our stories & think in terms of stories! Ss don’t write fiction at school; they do at home. #g2great
## 15 @syndk8 @bill_slawski @brianjoralvarez You haven't taken Common Core math...it would make sense if you had...NOT!
## 16 @scrowder Common Core Math being taught to my Grandchildren.
## 17 @5thBiz @leftcoastbabe My party? Who said I was republican? Has been in power for 4 years? They aren't now. Obviously common core didn't help you. And no. It's my first amendment right. Freedom of speech whether you agree or not. There's a mute button. Again, don't reproduce
## 18 The Common Core generation can't be trusted to ask about PEMDAS protocol.\n\nThe answer is 1!!! https://t.co/6lTrU7n3hl
## 19 @Traderbarn @cov_Gretchen @PondSagg You’re obviously from the common core math era. 100 feet doesn’t equal 500 miles. \nYou’re better off under your rock.
## 20 Introduce children to the concept of "order of events" w/this FREE printable: https://t.co/wcOsz9wENi\n\nCommon Core: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.1.2; CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.1.3; CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.1.3\n\nWhen you understand sequencing, you understand the story!\n\n#reading #googleclassroom
## 21 @tiwa_ch Divide and Conquer: An Adult Course in Common Core Division. Step-by-step guide for understanding and applying Common Core division concepts. This course contains videos teaching new ways to divide that students are learning in school today.\nhttps://t.co/XZg9Ro8lID
## 22 @SirajAHashmi Will they be using common core to help divide their assets?
## 23 @JBatNC304 @CawthornforNC If you have 133 millions of registered voters on the US and 74 millions voted for Trump after the switch of votes and fraud occurred how come Biden got 81 million? Dominion math or Common core ? Ha...The 74 millions and plus will not be silent. President Trump won!JailforBiden!
## 24 Like... kids didn’t “hate Zoom learning,” they hated the way their parents reacted to the idea of Zoom learning. This has basically just been a macro version of the “Common Core Math” argument: Parents refusing to learn a new skill and projecting their frustration onto kids.
## 25 @SwipeWright @DonaldJTrumpJr This is the same ideology that said every athlete gets a participation trophy. there are no winners and losers. and we need common core math. Every time a black kid gets a grade lesser than a white kid, we have to hold white kid back.
## 26 @revlaurelj Also my Millennial and younger friends.... Common Core isn't real math! 2 + 2 will always = 4! You folks are special bunch! Signed Proud Gen X'ers!! 😂😂😂😂
## 27 @FlenorlLaura @teacher2teacher @joelbezaire @daniellereycer @Desmos I teach Common Core 8th, and no, I don't use anything else.
## 28 @KrisMcRob Because they teach it so stupidly! Lol #CommonCore
## 29 Kindle Download The Common Core Companion: The Standards Decoded, Grades 3-5: What They Say, What They Mean, How to Teach Them (Corwin Literacy) >> https://t.co/ShjyO2TkkT
## 30 Divide and Conquer: An Adult Course in Common Core Division. Step-by-step guide for understanding and applying Common Core division concepts. This course contains videos teaching new ways to divide that students are learning in school today.\nhttps://t.co/W3YWh462d7
## 31 We continue to allow Marxist educrats to dumb down children which will effect a dumb future ineffective and ignorant to fight the Marxist transformation of America! Wake up people! #CommonCore https://t.co/fT9b9w1ER5
## 32 @GlennKesslerWP Joe Biden was president on 1/28/21. How’s that common core math working out for ya?
## 33 @VodkaNancPelosi @matosortho Common Core Math. Come on man.
## 34 @AlexBerenson 1) You did not pay attention to this takeover of public education \n2008 thru the present,\nto groom the \nkiddies to vote \nLeftist Totalitarian as they’ve \nbeen successfully programmed\nto do.\n\nhttps://t.co/61D9GLHkut
## 35 @JerryDunleavy Common Core Reporting
## 36 @MeOwOser @Whaka_yea My sister was one grade above the age cap of kids switched to common core. Kids below her would constantly ask her questions about math because all the honors students basically got like D's after it was introduced
## 37 @lporiginalg Common Core math trainee, I mean victim.
## 38 The Hubris of Billionaire Philanthropy and the Damage Wrought by the Common Core Standards https://t.co/F6frYTJdiZ via @janresseger @maureenready @OhioPEP @OhioBATs
## 39 @WayneDupreeShow Circling back to common core education and the “career ready” goal. The system determines the job path.
## 40 @humptapuss This is a Common Core education tool where everyone tests to be a genius.
## 41 Excellent testimony by @ATPE_MontyE highlighting dangers of virtual voucher #SB27. Pointing out that TEA’s Texas Home Learning virtual product basically provides a back door for Common Core, despite being illegal in Texas. #txlege #txed https://t.co/LyiQNc6hJj
## 42 @ProudSocialist @ElijahSchaffer Obama Common Core math.
## 43 @RealCandaceO Un agenda 21 in action. Common core. Control the education, indoctrinate the population. I always wondered how they planned on making 'patriot' a terrorist, how they planned on medical enforcers. Now I see it on TV.
## 44 Common core isn't BS, the way it was rolled out and put burden on unprepared American teachers and parents instead of school administrators, board members, and structure of American public education was, though. Also, that error is easy to spot. https://t.co/1tk4w1lEC1
## 45 @HotepJesus BitchTits McConnell + Cucker Tarlson + #FoxNews = waste of time. That’s not common core math.
## 46 @DineshDSouza Because Common Core works soooooo well.
## 47 @BenKreitzer @UrbanHagen @cnnbrk Teachers have ALWAYS adapted to learners using 'one size fits all' classrooms & textbooks. Why do ppl think Common Core is more 'one size fits all' than other state standards?\nStandards like Common Core are vague enough to allow local curricula & teaching method choices?
## 48 @nypost If he's been taught CRT, 1619 project, and common core, it doesn't count
## 49 @TinaFerry2011 @Geejaah @VP Giving everything to everything is paid by something. This is not rocket science. It's the way things are. Regressives that want to turn common sense into rocket science. Hence, common core math. Please begin to see the error and pass it to your kids.
## 50 #CommonCore #CommonSense Knowledge is power site:Is this #compact style of writing #common or unique as editors say https://t.co/sxW9RHgWzm
## 51 @LeftAccidental common core is so confusing
## 52 the funny thing about common core is that teachers still have to go to seminars to learn how to teach it
## 53 @Othoforaugustus @Hjemmefronten16 I heard an issue with common core English is it's emphasis on non-fiction & much less on fiction. Might explain some of the responses on here on why some disliked this book & took it so literally.
## 54 @Razio14814294 @I_MacHunt Common core math is stupid. It’s called common sense math
## 55 @StephenPunwasi Okay common core math is tough alright.
## 56 When they introduced common core \n\nAnd math went from finite to whatever the fuck you feel\n\nThat's when shit really got outta hand fast.
## 57 "CBO: Democrat Amnesty Bill Would Cost over $35 Billion"\nThere ain't no such thing as a free lunch. Do the Dems *always* rely on Common Core math when crafting their egregious bills?\nhttps://t.co/YqMBmulIWN
## 58 Now that we can see the “draft” it feels very “common core” like to me #abed https://t.co/T92T9GrNez
## 59 "We're going to ask if common core math help get her through college" @mtgreenee on @AOC \n\nWhy AOC has not asked for a restraining order, I will never understand. https://t.co/mM8s4tAU0I
## 60 @mkraju @GlennKesslerWP Teachers begin teaching common core standards related to Fact vs. Fiction in Kdg. Students in Grades 6-8 are expected to: “Standard: 8 Trace and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text.” College grads who believe Trump won fail this standard abysmally.
## 61 Help teach important social & emotional learning skills such as empathy and gratitude, while covering required ELA Common Core Standards through fun digital stories & lessons w/ @Peekapak! https://t.co/dKsl6PkVjK #edtech #edchat #teaching #SEL #engagechat https://t.co/QoLiFzAyQ0
## 62 @MizzRothko @fit__feminist @ShotgunRain5746 This comes up about once a week or more in homeschool groups. People complaining about "common core" without knowing what they are actually complaining about.
## 63 It’s past the time to question everything and start using common sense. Nothing adds up. Well, I guess it does with Common Core. #WakeUp #StandUp Open your eyes. https://t.co/gIWst28PFU
## 64 @SparkyPatriot a combination of Common Core curriculum and social media which is the breeding ground for spreading stupidity unless you're a critical thinker.
## 65 @TychoTithonus I see common core there and I am shook.
## 66 If you use common core math its makes sense. 8 can be 3 or7. https://t.co/CdUFJ0Qk4M
## 67 @BillPegs I fought with them for years, that and common core implementation. \nNever was a home school advocate until this year.
## 68 @DavidStaplesYEG Why don’t you take a look at Virginia Common core where they plagiarized this from. Let me guess you will somehow defend that too. UCP sell out
## 69 Download Mobi Summer Learning HeadStart, Grade 3 to 4: Fun Activities Plus Math, Reading, and Language Workbooks: Bridge to Success with Common Core Aligned Resources and Workbooks >> https://t.co/UiG1STNN12
## 70 @EvanAKilgore And implemented common core to confuse our children.
## 71 @NBCNews 70% is not bitterly divided even with common core math https://t.co/4rUMZl1g5x
## 72 @nelson__isaac @JStein_WaPo Math, not that common core garbage.
## 73 @breaking_et School board. So I can get rid of common core.
## 74 What’s funny is that, at least when it comes to the Common Core, the English standards are actually focused on generalizable skills you can apply to life. So why the hell are we stuck teaching the same damn texts?
## 75 @chuggaaconroy just got to love the random stats you get to see while cracking open 99 common core crystals https://t.co/5JdW9hPqmt
## 76 Ghana’s common core programme: A curriculum paradigm whose time has come [Article] https://t.co/V2Exyxz5uN
## 77 "Just as a combo of Obama’s Race to the Top grant program & fed'l regs managed to impose the abysmal #CommonCore standards in math & English on nearly every state, Civics Secures Democracy Act is designed to impose leftist action civics & Critical Race Theory on even red states."
## 78 @christina_bobb @OANN Maybe the problem is common core math. But that wouldn’t add up to nudity or violence either 🤦♀️🤷♀️🤷♀️
## 79 @TomiLahren You must be using common core math lol
## 80 @dinonuggssss 2012 Common-Core Algebra 2 Student Edition Grade 10/11
## 81 Gov Murph - "Indoor gatherings are limited to 150 people."\nAlso Gov Murph - "Outdoor gatherings are much safer than indoor gatherings."\nSTILL Gov Murph - "Outdoor gathering limits will be raised to 50 people."\nWHAT THE S--T KINDA NEW FANGLED COMMON CORE MATH IS THIS S--T?????
## 82 Here's a fun #mathlesson that will help students understand place value. Includes: #lessonplan, worksheet and it is Math #CommonCore standard-aligned.\n\nhttps://t.co/ZJS26vbUOt https://t.co/NgWnv66MTn
## 83 @Lynda63986855 @ernestleenot @Unpurgeable18 @traveler002 @OldPrague @ISafeyet @kcinor @truthsearch1957 @MarilynLavala @robcarlson20 @ICanPlainlySee @unpurgeable1 @kiwikate2 @RalphS24381648 @OxmanMartin @Wahboom @know314 @KittenKlawz @Scatz14 @PaulMer53 @qfd_bruce @abd130usa22nq @united__UK @itsaboutdamnti1 @Una_Alta_Volta @TheyCallMeDoc1 @tnolwene @LaughTrackItsT1 @01IOTA @Larryputt @larryelder @PrisonPlanet @teagiver7 @DFBHarvard @KimStrassel @RosaleeAdams @NBCNews @CNN @Tee2019K @IngrahamAngle @seanhannity @HeyTammyBruce @RealCandaceO @JackPosobiec @deneenborelli @hrtablaze @Thomas1774Paine @TheFirstonTV @twk4usa @Sicilia191 Common Core Communist says what? 🙄
## 84 Download EBOOK Common Core Achieve, GED Exercise Book Mathematics (Ccss for Adult Ed) -> https://t.co/mN2biC4Cpa
## 85 @marcorubio So, basically, totally trans. Next time, speak in English or Spanish instead of Common Core Math.
## 86 @PqmVic @kayleighmcenany No. None of us buy this common core science you want to shove down our throats. True science can be replicated over and over with the same results. Haven’t seen any to support this fear mongering. But I have seen plenty to dispute it 😉 https://t.co/UQYCFCK4Ll
## 87 @thirdmanogie @kirstiealley @CNN Oh you mean he corrected it when he got a flash up on his teleprompter 😂😂😂 this seems like something from common core
## 88 @SharonGF_NBCT @GOP No add all that up and compare to what was given to other countries? Your bio says you’re a teacher, so use some of that common core math and get back to me.
## 89 @catturd2 Common core
## 90 Common core at its finest https://t.co/tCfYjRZAOz
## 91 @_sophiebullard Thats legit common core math all the Karen's complain about their kids learning in school.
## 92 @GisiAnthony @BEdeal45 Its probably common core math, somehow it works out to be right, (scratches head)
## 93 @Brian51882838 @awessumopossum @HIGHBROW_HIPPIE @intheblacknblue @padoramonium @prettycritical @molly_sw @chrissyteigen Brian, its common core math - its not meant to be understood.
## 94 Download Now =-> https://t.co/05p9t5g1Tv\n========\nKindle Free 4th Grade Math Workbook: Common Core Math Workbook by Ace Academic Publishing
## 95 @obbgf Not in the US, it hasn't. But in (relatively) recent years, schools have introduced not only "Common Core" Math learning, but other ways of learning math - which would be wonderful if kids were allowed to choose which type was most their style. Rather, schools choose a type.
## 96 @CaoimheTateShaw So, one huge reason why this will never fly? Problem solving and critical thinking skills undermine parental and teacher authority.\n\nThat's literally why Common Core was shot down. Parental authority.
## 97 @BibsCorner You part of that common core math generation?
## 98 @SenatorBaldwin @SenateDems @SecCardona This mean more common core idiocy?
## 99 @theangiestanton @DennisN63706702 Don’t worry !!\n\nRatheyon on got paid !!\n\nNew wars coming...\n\nThey said 600 is the new two thousand now. Common core stuff...
## 100 FREE RESOURCE | Confusing Letters practice worksheets! Download/print/share here: https://t.co/fNjCipsaAM\n\nChildren may struggle to tell these letters apart- help them master these tricksters!\n\nCommon Core alignment: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.K.1.D\n\n#learningfromhome #edutwitter https://t.co/vh3QcL4D2F
## 101 not my professor trying to get us to support common core
## 102 @Grinch21188235 Isn’t that common core?
## 103 @newtgingrich Cont’d HOLD THEM BACK A YEAR if your kids have struggled on-line through bad internet, truncated or ambiguous zoom instruction, or common core math assignments from hell ... why not let them repeat the grade to boost their learning gains? Cont’d
## 104 @thewoj It does everything in common core math and takes an extra 2 minutes to return any answer.
## 105 @whatmatters432 @syahdatals @IdoDaniel @ajplus Common Core?\nYou must have seen that I am a retired teacher..\nCommon Core was a complete pain.. lol\n\nIf I got a fact wrong, I apologize.. not at all intentional..
## 106 @MellowMarianne @Stephen64332161 @RepKinzinger @jaketapper @businessinsider No common core math was a democrat gift. He won in the United States of America on planet heart, plain as day.
## 107 @teracollum @RobbyMontoya Besides pandemic related issues...teaching to the test....common core...etc.
## 108 @lovedoctorliam @JaneidyEve @BernieSanders @elonmusk Are you brain dead, or did your common core education just show itself? He amassed this wealth from all of the endeavors he has brought forth SpaceX, Tesla, Starlink & etc. You have nerve to say he doesn't need all that money! How do you think he is gonna pay his employees?
## 109 @RaheemKassam Fucking Common Core. Lol.
## 110 We don’t accept fraud and conservative have common sense. Thousands at a maga rally and 10 at Biden. Doesn’t compute. Even with common core https://t.co/tTq9SH5GBf
## 111 @andreoneil125 @RYD3R_G @ultra9635 @RubenMandujano3 @pxtrocIus What year did “today” start? \n\nI understand your argument even if I don’t agree. Seems a lot like common core math...
## 112 @WeAreTeachers @WengerCorp Ever want to show students how to identify the four seasons throughout the year? Originally designed for kindergartners, this lesson can be adapted for any grade level.\n\n#commoncore #technology #seasons #googleslides #kindergarten\n\nhttps://t.co/pYtbhUc2Cs
## 113 @rottsbot @OldSchoolCoug @rweingarten Yeah, that's the problem. Common core uses unnecessary steps and ends up just confusing kids
## 114 @GOPChairwoman Well she must be using common core math. Because if you ask me, $2.89 is more than $1.95 by almost a dollar. GA. avg. Today versus 1 year ago
## 115 @GOPChairwoman I’m a teacher—Joe, the kids are learning nothing in comparison to in-school learning, and the pace is so fast, there’s no longer creativity in the classroom. No Child Left Behind and the Common Core have been disasters to education as a whole. Everyone loses!
## 116 @xMasterdeBater @lh01542 @theblaze His dirty fingers are in every evil pie! He's behind the final phase of the total dumbing down of America, too - Common Core!
## 117 AOC 2018: we have 12 yrs left \nAOC 2019: we have 10 yrs left\n\nKerry 2021: we have 9 yrs left\n(Common core math and science)\n\nKerry and AOC need to talk.... \nThe end of the world is not game.
## 118 #3rdGrade Common Core Aligned Math #TestPrep Packet with Answer Key by MrTechnology on #TeachersPayTeachers #edchat #education #teachfromhome #teachers \n#distancelearning \n https://t.co/Ce3EIkekJv
## 119 @barth_bro I have really like the community I've found on Twitter. I have been surprised by how many Anglican-ish people I've met, and the variety that still seems to have a common core. Very pleased, though. Would like to find that in "real life."
## 120 @curiouskatmac @HarmonyFreya @morin1940 @NBCNews @curiouskatmac... even Common Core was too complicated - they need you tube vids to help their kids. They could certainly use some Civics classes. Instead of having an actual conversation, they resort to name calling & brow beating!
## 121 @SarahDa30167556 @kayleighmcenany Please please explain your common core math... because shouldn’t we have hundreds of thousands more deaths than previous years? https://t.co/7UZ5YAb767
## 122 What’s something you like to do the old-fashioned way? — Math fuck that common core shit https://t.co/Kl64kfgIw7
## 123 VALENTINE PART PART WHOLE SUBTRACTION WORKSHEET MAT n COUNTERS COMMON CORE MAFS https://t.co/XAV90s9AvT
## 124 @ScottFishman And I'm over here for 6 weeks trying to work, and can't stop checking for updates. Goes to show also how many Americans take their liberties for granted. A symptom of the lack of history education in school due to common core!
## 125 @WomenPostingLs Common core science
## 126 @redlianak @Lexxbomb @greggity333 And yet so much of Common Core could be described as New New Math.
## 127 car made with common core math and to the imagination of those without balls https://t.co/Ff7aaFSH7Z
## 128 @jennfranconews @OANN 1.9 trillion divided by 330 million people how much we getting again? Must be that common core math. I don’t come up with $1400 show your work
## 129 @heyMikeCruz @SamuelWBell This is a terrible approach: it needs paper and pencil, it involves multiple unnatural and non-obvious steps such as carrying\n\nBetter is 39+36=(40-1)+(35+1)=40+35=75 which you can do in your head. In fact, that's how I would do it, and what Common Core is intended to teach.
## 130 @EROTHCJ5 Common core Math is what they used
## 131 Common Core Math? https://t.co/QsD1UXZkPK
## 132 I want to fix the school systems. \nI want to get rid of fkn common core.\nI want to get rid of standardize testing.\nI want to insert mind body & soul activities in the curriculum. \nI want to get better food options in schools. \nI want more arts programs & outside time for kids. https://t.co/WuPDumSuLk
## 133 @owillis It's the new common core but much scarier to these racists
## 134 @CharlotteHenry5 @Jonath8888Lewis @mtgreenee @Marcus4Georgia Simple math... 81-82 million voted for Biden? That means almost 250 million Americans didn’t vote for him. \n\n250 is greater than 80, even in common core math.
## 135 @nytimesbooks So why did he fund Common Core that focused more on testing and took time away from independent reading?
## 136 @rweingarten Common core baby!
## 137 @DoodlesTrks Do the same people work the voting and rating centers?\n\nIt's gotta be common core math...
## 138 19 million \nOr just 2 million\nWith common core math politicians think we are too dumb to know the difference https://t.co/LA52z6ESLV
## 139 @LarrySabato @NBCNews Yawn. You're one of those people that struggles with simple phrases like "Illegal immigrant" and "Shall not be infringed." Surprising as common core did not yet exist in your school daze.
## 140 @EvanKirstel Still faster than that common core garbage.
## 141 Our students are falling behind… Behind what? By what standard are you measuring? Common core? Noticed the word common. We are in uncommon times. Let’s take an uncommon look at our students and their individual growth and needs.
## 142 @SeekerSerotonin Our "powerful" military hasn't won a war since Korea. Massive religious division among left/right, no common core beliefs between left/right, no significant military allies/plenty of enemies. Extremists are a minority, agreed. Wanting separation is growing exponentially.
## 143 @JennaEllisEsq With Common Core teaching they count differently now. It's not supposed to make any real sense let alone common sense.
## 144 @silvermanmarkj @lararalston525 Common core publisher......kickbacks
## 145 @SenWarren Ever try and get change at a drive thru from an Obama era common core student ?
## 146 >> 8th Grade Common Core Math: Daily Practice Workbook | 1000+ Practice Questions and Video Explanations | Argo Brothers <<\n✔ Download Here Full Free >>> https://t.co/LFjHDz6PWQ 8th Grade Common Core Math: Daily Practice Workbook | 10
## 147 @WeAreTeachers Ever want to show students how to identify the four seasons throughout the year? Originally designed for kindergartners, this lesson can be adapted for any grade level.\n\n#commoncore #technology #seasons #googleslides #kindergarten\n\nhttps://t.co/pYtbhUc2Cs
## 148 @conner_hobbs Are you teaching common core? Trying to help my son the other nite & he told me but Daddy I promise the teacher told me to guess. The teacher and I emailed & she said it was true. I never learned guess check and revise. Oh, I guessed alot but was not taught it as a strategy. Lol
## 149 @hammerpants99 I was the same way. I’m a point A to Point Z type person. \n\nI couldn’t function in Common Core math. 🖕🏼 that.
## 150 @Lisak52 My son is in 3rd grade and honestly, I can't help him with his math.\n\nI'm no Einstein, but by no meens should I not be able to help him till at least High school math.\n\nCommon core is bullshit.
## 151 Marshall McLuhan: "Today's child is growing up absurd, because he lives in two worlds..." https://t.co/iLIqO9mWBe \nCertainly not a COMMON CORE EDUCATION enthusiast.
## 152 @rbpersky 😳GODS LAW ..vs. the STATE( Govt’s of MEN) I don’t know of “ Common Care” but I know of “ Common Core” ...Taking ❤️GOD🙏 out of the equation”...(like in the Dystopian Orwellian Novel 1984)they Conditioned the masses with 2+2=5 .. KNOW that the Govt’ of Men rest on GODS Shoulders. https://t.co/KN4vGQBfOZ
## 153 @Breaking911 Is this common core math?
## 154 @JackKaplanNY @ChaskelBennett Common Core, LOL.\n The dumbed down version of math that will never prepare my children adequately for any mathematical necessity in their future...
## 155 Kindle Free The Common Core Companion: The Standards Decoded, Grades 3-5: What They Say, What They Mean, How to Teach Them (Corwin Literacy) => https://t.co/AXmrYflALR
## 156 @nypost God, what has happened to the people of this country... thanks common core!
## 157 ....only if I use common core maths 🙄 https://t.co/PzdxPYaHMO
## 158 @MikeWellsAuthor It’s the sixth grade Ela teacher in me, but I truly appreciated your formula ! Many Students struggle in the area of synthesis of summarizing especially in light of the Common Core Language Arts Assessment 🤔
## 159 @Timcast WRONG 😑, U can’t use COMMON SENSE, COMMON CORE MAKES CENTS...??? 2 + 2 = 44 44 + D times N by the power of SEE equals 46 which does not equate 2 Joe at all because u failed 2 carry the joe and add ummm’ u know the thing, and your answer is NANCY...???\n\nDuhhh 🙄...???
## 160 This is true. Alabama hadnt moved to common core by the time my youngest son hit 2nd grade. We moved to MD where it had been established and he's struggled since. These kids dont know subject/predicates, verbs, adverbs, etc. https://t.co/oWcwzdkqwc
## 161 @YogaPantHijinks @THSCAcoaches I didn’t think that Texas was a common core state. So that’s my bad. That makes absolute sense
## 162 @fortiz505 @PresidentPat If your schools follow common core or no child left behind, then they are curriculum standards set by the federal government.
## 163 Bush is totally in favor of Common Core weak on immigration.
## 164 @paxcyclist So, Common Core Math is working over in 🇬🇧...😂 Ed, look at the bright side of things...your not mistaken for RoseMary or the third wife....LOL.
## 165 @Ilhan -Welfare-Take control of every aspect of their lives[Food, Housing, and Income]\n-Education- Take control of what people read and listen- Take control of what children learn in school.-Common Core. Cradle to Grave.\nReligion Remove the belief in GOD from the Government and school
## 166 @thecjpearson In our state before common core we taught personal finance n high school
## 167 @EmeraldRobinson @JordanSchachtel Bill Gates in 2010: Common Core will fix education. It hasn't.
## 168 “How to use informational text” is code for Common Core close reading. \n\nWhy make diverse cultures fit within the categories of the ed reform movement? https://t.co/CmNyd2MeB0
## 169 @blackwomenviews @The_Lady_Red Ma’am, is yt math taught like common core because both have me confused 🤷🏾♀️ 😂😂 https://t.co/7aEg1Rf87r
## 170 @Timcast Tools of common core. Will be the first useful idiots purged.
## 171 @laurenharvey08 Betsy has nothing to do with common core 😂
## 172 The fact the teaching unions and teaching organisations are coming down so hard in favour of masks should strike fear into the heart of every parent. Either there are some donations from uncomfortable, compromised foundations, or Common Core are at work. Either way, not good.
## 173 @WhiteHouse Common core math?
## 174 @davidthehc17762 @_BarringtonII A decent education..before common core we taught agriculture, shop, homec, mechanics, civics, math, science, english,..cant we all agree these are basic skills..why are we fighting when we all agree..there is 1 race..the human race..and we together are the majority
## 175 https://t.co/BlYWe1fuM9\n\n20 ships x 50 million = all the cars on Earth polluting...\nAnd Americans actually think they saving money...\nhttps://t.co/d3T3ZpmZTF\nwhen those 5 ships are polluting as much as 250 million extra cars on Earth polluting...\nCommon Core Math \nI reckon #Lord
## 176 @librtyisanarchy @mcgoverntm Common core math is what I’m seeing https://t.co/nrCqTrpyjC
## 177 EPUB Download Free Common Core Basics, Writing Core Subject Module (Ccss for Adult Ed) => https://t.co/FUidB1uYeu
## 178 @D_M_S_T @RadioFreeTom @Popehat Standardized tests have never, are not now nor will they ever be the answer. Check the Common Core literacy standards ACROSS THE CURRICULUM as a viable starting point for meaningful reform. Repeal/replace NCLB.
## 179 @christ_veteran Common Core math 😂
## 180 Wow a pedophilia joke and a Common Core Math Joke, there's nothing suspicious going on over at the ol' Facebook. https://t.co/iPVmqtm0hf
## 181 @vynette4 @OANN Is that some common core math or something? Or are you just really stupid?
## 182 @Jim_Jordan We can start by getting rid of:\n\nGrade level system\nSocial promotions\nCommon core\nMultiple choice questions\n\nAnd instituting:\n\nSkills/concept mastery system\nEssay questions only\nFunding art education
## 183 @Gimblin common core math
## 184 @GWillowWilson Probably Common Core, and it’s hard for parents to teach because it’s so different. I think there are a LOT of good YouTube videos that can help!
## 185 @CringTea 6/10: His decision to start the Iraq War was atrocious, and had devastating effects to the country. I also think Common Core was a bad idea.
## 186 @Maximus_4EVR As long as it isn’t revisionist common core! 🙌🏻🇺🇸🤣
## 187 @polomagayes @Commentator481 @neologisme @RacieSicilian @RogerFritz7 @308saiga @Derameth @DebbieDrozan @IFireForEffect @DomoLJub45 @RaidenGroup @ttocs35 @Tt45Sister @yorkiemomma4 @William_Glick @Amz_Grce @KelliePartyof5 @debraraes @tweets4poppy Even the new " common core" math can't even make those numbers work wake up people
## 188 @p1nchemarimacha I’m not an American, but I think I understand the basics of Common Core and Bush’s policy to see where you’re coming from. I agree as it doesn’t seem that those policies have helped education in the U. S. In my country, they’ve changed education in the name of a lot of the words
## 189 @Bevgas @MikeTaylorShow @TexMexFrank Maybe he was using the new common core math when counting... 🧐
## 190 @bigtimeRussian @harry_wellls Common core teaches healthy het relationships under the guise of "So, hormones, eh sport? Feelin a lil less apprehensive of cooties? That's puberty! Here are healthy ways to manage your feelings towards your dame!"\n\nmeanwhile I was confused by other guys' explanations of crushes
## 191 @JFergusonAU Common core math, enough said!
## 192 @crovax3000 @Newsweek Then why does Common Core insist on books only existing online? Afraid they might disagree with what is printed?
## 193 @ChristinaPushaw “Common Core” math has a lot to answer for
## 194 @8_inside @Candidus00 @904Pestana @mdnij34 @DemNevada It was... 30 years ago when I was in school. They have decided now that common core is more important than history.
## 195 @beyourself200 Common core teaching started back in 2009 , more steps will just slow everything down
## 196 @MarketWatch Because they teach common core Math.
## 197 @EddieWilson3 @MarshaBlackburn What's better? A pipeline in the US and energy independence or buying from overseas and transportation costs? What happens if we go to war with these countries when we come to rely on them?\n\nCommon core economics 101?
## 198 They ‘indoctrinate’ all children. Common core is trash. https://t.co/Asq0mBcO1b
## 199 Common Core Math First Grade Addition Games- 1.OA6 Add Within 20 https://t.co/C8ngfEnAR1
## 200 And Common Core is a disaster https://t.co/5RFSLcOCaG
## 201 @SeanPong_ Common core math applied to genetics lol
## 202 @karol It's all fraud, people are not questioning their reality & belive their common core indoctrination (education)\n\nGerm theory never proven. \nVirology is pseudoscience. \nDoctors need to unlearn their indoctrination\n#QuestionEverything\n\nhttps://t.co/iMt3wfpneR https://t.co/zhqyFA84Vs
## 203 @vance04700829 @Terry_Wechsler @kirstiealley @brandon @RealJamesWoods This is the kind of thing that makes sense to Biden supporters. Blame it on common core math. 🤣🤣 https://t.co/uMlWamHUkX
## 204 Have #Common-Core Standards ruined our children's #handwriting? https://t.co/KGjSwVIJW9
## 205 @Tactical_review Common Core math!
## 206 @coachnus57 No it’s the new common core math. -45+15=0
## 207 "Racism and White Supremacy in math instruction" \n\nI thought #CommonCore was bad now we are associating teaching students with #WhiteSupremency. \n\nThe ignorance of this is beyond what I could have ever imagined, what are we allowing them to do to our children? https://t.co/y58a1lCsPp
## 208 That damn common core math! https://t.co/0MsyOnfIaD
## 209 Higher Level Thinking #Reading Comprehension #TaskCards w/ Student Desk Reminders by MrTechnology on #TeachersPayTeachers #edchat #education #teachfromhome \n https://t.co/8Zc3z0Qc89
## 210 [Read] Kindle Algebra 1 Common Core Student Edition, Grade 8-9 -> https://t.co/zqoeeWF8g8
## 211 @jgrahamthomas Crap, first the common core crap now this?! I feel like an inadequate parent
## 212 Thank God my kids have been out of public schools since they started common core https://t.co/XUwFwmrr6r
## 213 Wow! I knew the Establishment didn't want me to win, but they are going all in. They are scared to death of the #idedu reforms that I will push for if elected as state superintendent\n\n- End Common Core\n- Open Schools\n- Empower Parents and have money follow students\n\n#idpol #idgop
## 214 Who would have thought 15 days to #FlattenTheCurve would actually take 365 days. The #Government must have been using #CommonCore Math.
## 215 @CommonSenseEd Ever wanted to show your students how to identify grade-level sight words? Originally designed for kindergartners, this lesson can be adapted for any grade level.\n\n#commoncore #technology #letters #sightwords #googleslides #kindergarten\n\nhttps://t.co/k5gZv73tL7
## 216 I knew there was a problem with old math, new math, common core, abacuses, calculators and computers around the world. They can't add up to 19 like this.\n\nWhere the hell is Professor Arthur Benjamin when you need him? https://t.co/cnvVAqRJDB
## 217 Download Now =-> https://t.co/DyZ938qiMK\n=======\n[Read] PDF 3rd Grade Common Core Math: Daily Practice Workbook - Part I: Multiple Choice | 1000+ Practice Questions and Video Explanations | Argo Brothers by Argo Brothers
## 218 @vexedinthecity Lol. Are your kids at a school that switched over to this common core math nonsense?
## 219 No one saw this coming except everyone actually in the field of education\nTom Loveless: Why Common Core Failed https://t.co/sGZeuE06P2 via @dianeravitch
## 220 @philthatremains I want to see common core applied to physics.
## 221 Kindle Download Free Grade 4 Test Practice for Common Core (Barron's Core Focus) => https://t.co/JOUfiMygRj
## 222 @BartoRebecca I tend to find the worksheets in common core really painful to go over with kiddo in that I don't understand what it wants, but I end up using the CC techniques on 'regular' looking addition/subtraction sheets. I have no good explanation on why I do that.
## 223 @JimA330 @ksorbs BTW, have you figured out the difference between "salary" and "staff assistance" or "cleaning supplies" yet? Perhaps you can use common core math to figure it out.
## 224 In 2009, President Obama launched Common Core Standards, prompting dozens of states to apply for Race to the Top grants to revamp their curriculum.\n\nCommon Core emphasizes "close reading" non-fiction - articles written by the same gaslighting propagandists writing fake news.\n\n+ https://t.co/FpIQQqUseM
## 225 @JosephFordCotto Kid, have you ever heard the term, "thought insemination"???\n\nThe 7 m's of power are shareholder territory for the NWO movement. See: https://t.co/YrYEyPySpf\n\nFirst it was "no child left behind" then it was "common core". In the 1970s they were changing rewriting the textbooks.
## 226 Schools Test-Drive Common Core - https://t.co/PHxW4LPN9J
## 227 @chocolateElixir Common core is the worst thing EVER invented lol how do you take something so simple and make it complicated.
## 228 @ChuckSoltys Common core like critical race theory is there to destroy America not make it better
## 229 @TheRealLootski We use a curriculum for our kids that has shared elements with common core. And I strongly wish I had been raised with the method.
## 230 @jem_zero @AddyBrossWrites The irony if my brain. I could never really do this or memorize times tables. I suck at doing simple math in my head.\n\nCalculus though? Could handle quite a bit of that in my head.\n\nI think some people are just wired differently. Some kids will excel with common core and some-
## 231 Common core math vs actual math🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 https://t.co/P0LJUR49SY
## 232 Man idk any of this shit, I know about regents and common core testing that’s about it.
## 233 A good read here: https://t.co/34TPr0VFo2
## 234 They control your kids ,they control you. Wake up! You're common core communism communes n their rules are using your kids!\nSTEALING YOUR KIDS SOULS!!!!! https://t.co/Sz5Wx6Lum5 https://t.co/RVm941EcW1
## 235 @XO_BB_XO I think your math is way off. Is it common core math or OG math we use to calculate.
## 236 The American resue plan IS the green new deal which says the Industrialized nations must be deindustrialized. The reason for the incremental dumbing down in academia and schooling is purposeful and is obvious from common core to sjw's in schools.
## 237 @DrKarlynB @ChrisSununu They could easily just rebrand it with different name. I think they did similar with Common Core.
## 238 @raybamford @DavidSacks You're referencing the current common core state standards which are different than this proposal, and are superseded by it.
## 239 @catturd2 @MichaelDeLauzon Common core math at its finest
## 240 @LeoDaneel @stayininformed The reality is most of it is done on the state level and almost every state uses a different curriculum and set of standards. A few share Common Core standards, but it's really not all big govt. They really just give money and basic standard learning objectives.
## 241 @Breaking911 @benshapiro Like "common core" math wasn't screwed up enough.... yeesh.
## 242 @SalemStalkerera @maddow When did I state I don't believe Social Distancing or masks don't work? \n\n"From March 2020 to now, I haven't been sick for over 2 years." - Must be common core math. \n\n"the stupidity in you is strong." - That is textbook projection.
## 243 common core standards? more like common moron standards #DontTreadOnMe #RenewUS #fantastictrump?
## 244 Common Core and Affirmative Action https://t.co/hO9ipOcjNw
## 245 @MeidasTouch The police report identifies the Date of birth of the victims. Based on the report being in 2004 and DOB of 1983 I can’t find a 16 year old noted. Either that or common core math didn’t work for me....still despicable regardless.
## 246 @BeezStandby @BrunusCutis Ah, more brilliant results of common core math.
## 247 @Clover54Draves @TimRunsHisMouth Follow the bouncing ball\n\nPacking = A D D I T I O N A L\n\nReplacing = actually replacing those who retired or died\n\nThis isn't common core math, Har https://t.co/EtlZ3p0NxK
## 248 @ArevFTW Oh WANDA-VISION, that makes so much more sense. The whole time I kept asking Deb who Juan is and where the Division comes in. I thought it was because I don’t get common core or something.
## 249 @GodfatherNsoul @kimKBaltimore This is such an ignorant statement. Trump gave $1200. Biden promised $2000 if Warnock and Ossoff won the Senate. How does 1200 + 1400 = 2000 promised by Biden? 🤡\nYou must have taken Common Core math.....
## 250 Read it on PsychToday - Fear of Flying's Common Core https://t.co/jFa2g6FsDx https://t.co/xIFZPJ7Bu6
## 251 @JadeandZiggy @Breaking911 LMAO!! LOOKS LIKE COMMON CORE WORKED WELL FOR YOU... HAHAHAHAHAHAAA😂🤣🤣
## 252 @CariKelemen @Lo_VVriter Common Core Physics. The New Science. 🙄 E= whatever you want it to be.
## 253 @GregWildSmith @BullTra38093782 @aspenaidan @lyles_jay @AllStarGame @MLB @Rockies Fed ESSA wants quality & effective choices. Never seen where Fed funding mandated Common Core or any standards or curriculum.
## 254 FREE RESOURCE | This activity introduces children to basic conjunctions: https://t.co/UTRqjAUdOc\n\nRead the sentences together and complete them w/ the correct conjunction!\n\nCommon Core: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1.G\n\n💚 Be every child's most loved English teacher!\n\n#englishteacher https://t.co/WPxsPBijvz
## 255 @McNeilis @AmarisPixie @FelicityTTTT @Bonniestillhere @chaos_biotch Common core advocate?
## 256 It has been a long week with struggles and long nights but made another #education workbook and this time #firstgrade perfect for #teachers and #commoncore #education. It will be up sometime this week and almost have the #etsy store ready for paid #download
## 257 @SportsbkConsig Must be common core math because I can't figure if out.
## 258 @KenworthCowboy1 @DefectingGrey @IanDJbrown2 @redforged42 @steve_niemiec @EcoSenseNow @TheDisproof @jefftonna1 @DawnTJ90 @GeraldKutney @MedBennett @variegated2 @Narvuntien @bjames280961 @cjtjgeol @BubbasRanch @JR4_Truth @gordonrlove @fagandr1 @Canadianworker2 @IBergwiesel @BridgetHolmstro @Barbarajdurkin @PACleanwater @Robin_Hagues @RoyPentland @CalvaryCroll @ArchieG74346492 @tenbobargument @MikeDel21893959 @KirkMMaxey @Climatehope2 @RijpeW @no2wind @kravietz_ @Dardedar @0Sundance @thinks_about_it @ReckedRik @jimdtweet @d_e_mol @riktheozfrog @Bananenrijperij @RustyAway @Skrued1 @Fauntleroy1934 @DigDougFTW @bluestflame1 @Biggieol6 Today's 'organic' farmers think they invented it.🙄\n\nHistory is a dead subject in common core.
## 259 @Di_bear @KMR_Live STEM. I couldn’t agree more with your comment on calculators! It’s appalling how many people look at you blankly when you speak of long division or showing your work, and common core drives me insane!!
## 260 @Fosterical Yep! That thing common core uses half a page to do? Done without paper and pencil.
## 261 @yashar Common Core math?
## 262 @GorrMary @dist57 Congrats Dr. Gorr! Looking forward to collaborating with you! I hope the Common Core Fairy can make a return appearance!
## 263 @TheRealMkA20 So by Common Core/Dominion math, that would be 870%.
## 264 @papen_s @w_h_thompson Common core
## 265 @rayarredondo23 Common core math is the larger problem here
## 266 Joe Sestak: wrong on Common Core, wrong for America
## 267 Why are they teaching Common Core math? I present to you, Exhibit 1 👇 https://t.co/9Jz1pKesgy
## 268 @SaraCarterDC they are playing games with definitions so they can fool the common citizen into believing lies to get their agenda done. We are more savy than that common core politicians.
## 269 @GuanoKing73 Common Core is about what ALL students should learn. James Milgram said it is MUCH better than 90% of previous standards.
## 270 True that! As an educator I can tell you it was so sad that Trumps image, Space Force, Mars program, etc never made it to any classrooms. Bush had No Child Left Behind, Obama had Common Core-- yet Trump did not have any education legacy due to the constant attacks by leftists. https://t.co/8CuMhhTJVk
## 271 @Linny306Linda Common core math
## 272 @bobwils70591585 @PamBroo75998134 @CarmineSabia @tariqnasheed Common core 🤣🤣
## 273 @jane_jrobbins @patd105 @MichaelPetrilli Why blame lists like standards (Common Core) while ignoring the systemic problems found by Reagan in 1970s that still exist?\nSuccess depends on effective instruction & resources!\nGiving students a list of what to learn without teachers & textbooks WILL ALWAYS FAILL!
## 274 @SeanFulce2040 @thomasjulian7 2 words: COMMON CORE
## 275 @RyanAFournier common core math
## 276 @DelanoSquires @LawrenceBJones3 @NewEmergingKing Sure you can have the land but we are still in control of their education. 🤦♀️ Common Core was the worst thing to happen to education.
## 277 Democrat teachers union. Are kids are suffering because of the Democrats. Are kids lack skills to compete in the world market they rank 27th in the world in education thanks to Democrats. Democrat common core has failed. Teachers have failed are kids. https://t.co/jjVXu5c6Zk
## 278 @AstroPawankumar @katlinegrey No, each Atlas V common core booster uses 1 RD-180 engine (remember ,it is 2 nozzles but a single turbopump machinery).So, this means 6 more Atlas V under the current contract with Energomash; this is right mr @torybruno ?
## 279 @TradBritGroup Nicolai Sennels, 2011: ‘the multicultural society will always fail. For a society to succeed, its citizens must be able to unite around common core values. The most fundamental values are national identity and a wish for fellowship with one’s countrymen.’\n\nhttps://t.co/8dPxzJnfgN
## 280 I can’t help but think that, wearing all those face concealing smothering devices are cooking peoples brains (or what’s left of them after taking the jab) either that or they are victims of the common core education system.
## 281 @LaikaAndYuri @keigh_see @SelymSetag @Freak0nIine @RiceWuhan @JoeEason1 @hurrakhi @KayeTatton @GordonSBrooks @nyscof @GEIST_VIEW @StevenDJBaumann @doctorbuttons @mhanno76 @Flaffenbam @DennisWhalebone @FLATHORIZON @wiguy45 @try_thinking @inbybits2 @Brian314159265 @MisterSock4 @badibulgator @SplinterSimba @PaleAleWitch1 @SkyDog_59 @doc_lamb @ColdDimSum @whoopsbuni @GLOBE_IS_FLAT @CMDR_Apollo @DeadKennedyInS1 @boston_hoax @oudeicrat @Glad2bAtheist @mrssimp33413365 @Frequen15309040 @AustralisPiper @manchestermelly @CletusAwreeetus @NoLongerThatGuy @PearSpheroid @PyramidEarthers @GauldJohn @Lamprey2020 @seanalf @Macker202 @JonathanDavidE7 @QUIZICALLY99 @AiNaTow Nah, you busted out some Common Core logic on that one LOL!!!
## 282 Improvements in Math Instruction and Student Achievement Through Professional Learning Around the Common Core State Standards in Chicago https://t.co/bNkG7hVYrf
## 283 Confused by your kid’s math homework? Here’s how it all adds up. https://t.co/t8TLid0P2j
## 284 learning common core math to be able to teach it to children literally just consists of my teacher asking us how we know how to do math and then completely clowning on everything we were ever taught
## 285 @AymeePedder @GameTWynV @NotAlexSheppard Maybe in common core. \n\n9+7 =16
## 286 @laurenpeikoff Sounds awesome, but (as I just tweeted to you and Stephanie) if their wage hike to $15 is *average* then they must be paying some *less* than $15, right? Common core "new math" is the norm now, but averages still exist and some will get less pay. @SRuhle
## 287 "Fed ED Isn't Dead" - Common Core Diva - https://t.co/kVmw0XdLVy https://t.co/iF3EFNMcmj
## 288 Diane Ravitch's opinion on the Common Core and national standardization - "Kids aren't toasters, you can't apply a national standard to their education"
## 289 @trish_regan They're all doing what George W. Bush called "fuzzy math". Either that or Common Core math. 😐
## 290 @azulasbastard @k_shelton @WSJ Common core is horrible and I am sorry you had to go through that lol
## 291 @parlertakes Parler Common Core Math? 🤔
## 292 @RaijunD @SC_Towny @CBSNews Being in the top 90% is winning? I see you received common core education.
## 293 @JennaEllisEsq Instead of testing and common core, let’s provide HSs that offer a trade with basic math, writing and history. Partner with local businesses for internships. This could be part of school choice. Give kids career skills.
## 294 Didn’t understand my 2nd graders #commoncore math homework. After watching @YouTube videos, I’m back on track.
## 295 @ErieNotEerie Reform Education. Common core has failed.
## 296 Common Core Math & Civics: If you have 10 sets of cojones, do you get to send 197 steers to the sale barn? #ImpeachmentDay
## 297 @mrivera11191 @TLxx79 @OBrienKevinS @thehill America stopped teaching everything since Common Core was implemented in 2012
## 298 @48chembde @terrancesavery The CPTs’ only graded events right now, outside of Common Core, are Advanced Chem/Bio and the Tech Block exams. I think adding an Annex E or Scheme of Protection eval and a Company OPORD eval would show that those products are their critical tools in the force, ma’am
## 299 @mitoModeller neat. our approaches remind me of what they (try to) teach in Common Core
## 300 @jen_schro They are common core peeps...don’t understand them at all
## 301 @divinedre11 Remember all the fuss over Common Core math? THIS IS COMMON CORE MATH! Students these days would do a huge shrug over this thread bc this is what we do everyday in class. Brains are awesome, math is awesome!
## 302 @KySubich @ann_mcnelly @KY_ForChange @8Country8 @Mustachio441 @QuadrupleU @AncPerl What can’t be trusted are the numbers they expect us to believe. Explain 133 million REGISTERED VOTERS. If 74 million voted Trump, how does your math work that Biden got 79 million. You must be using some of that common core crap they are teaching in the public schools now.
## 303 @Nigel_Farage Its been happening way way back when John Dewey introduced `Common Core` : https://t.co/qxdL30u7rx\n\nCommunist to the `core` : https://t.co/O78ru3JZ38
## 304 @Schmidt18Pam @Elana_Brooklyn @NicholasFerroni The are standards. Both state and national, if your state adopted common core. So to say we need to give students a mind numbing test, written by people who probably have never taught, to assess.
## 305 @AnnikaPergament @JamieStelter @NYCMayor @NY1 Sounds like common core math to me.
## 306 @JesseKellyDC His greatest hits include - Common Core Math! The elite way to train monkeys to put the round peg in the round hole. The monkey doesn’t know what’s happening though because he’s so fashionable and cool to his tribe. That’s what counts.
## 307 And if people were curious this is the Math Common Core State Standard: 6.RP.A1\n\nSo if you teach 6th grade feel free to use it!\n\nAlso make sure you sign our petition to improve this numbers!! \nhttps://t.co/xUqPKlB4ga \nSPOILER ALERT: BCPSS doesn't meet the national recommendations
## 308 @fritzn I never understood common core, that started after I graduated. I don't remember what I did, but what took them 5 lines to write out took me 3. I thought more indirectly, but faster.
## 309 @rob_hells @MattFinkes Common core math
## 310 Are you teaching about force, push, and pull? We think you and your students will love this video!\n\nDo you want more free #CommonCore aligned videos? Follow the NUITEQ Snowflake content channel on YouTube.\n\nhttps://t.co/29K5VeJTL8
## 311 @RyanAFournier There's that common core math.
## 312 @RobUSMC0311 @parlertakes That's that "common core" math those people cry about
## 313 https://t.co/nCvk0Cp3JG Parents read this. And how many of you know if Common Core is still in your schools? Our kid suffered through Common Core & not real schooling. Demand decent ed with no indoctrination now because it is our tax money paying for this failure for our kids.
## 314 @RyanAFournier Common core math
## 315 @jenn_buckle @BreitbartNews That sound like common core math.
## 316 @DanCrenshawTX Yo constituent here, 10 days after Jan 6, you feel it’s appropriate, to remind everyone in the world, Americans should arm themselves, and are only a patriot if armed. Put weapons training in common core. Make it fair.
## 317 @CBarnardo1 You just gave me the first good reason to give common core a chance. Thanks
## 318 @Illumina70 @Cassiega1959 @RedJohnBounds The class system has already changed in my lifetime. It's no longer a gradation surrounding common core values in our particular strata.\n\nIt's now just money. Youcare "in" if you have it, or "out" if you don't.
## 319 Obama's common core math. https://t.co/3rtLETWQOw
## 320 I promised that we would root out Common Core in TN public schools, and we've made tackling this issue a key legislative initiative. Proud to sign a law today that closes the Common Core loophole. https://t.co/qE4RJUyOAY
## 321 Rule 6 its called common core https://t.co/gSJxrEnJJ5 https://t.co/WgeCjKtqra
## 322 @StephBMore And im counting on my fingers too…. Don’t care! They teach it like this in common core math, hella extra steps. I showed my daughter how I was taught and she was like whattttttt this is way easier. https://t.co/RvWNoUDP1i
## 323 How many people have seen their proposed 2021-22 school budgets?\n\nGreat time to vote against any school promoting critical race theory and common core by denying them any additional funds.
## 324 @BillGates Common Core hasn’t improved education at all, correct?
## 325 @kaijeffers @MendoKC @AbeFroman @divinedre11 If this is Common Core I learned this in the 80s. Common core is 10+10+10+10+10+10+5+5+2+3. Only they’d have you make blocks and group them…
## 326 Appt. they think we all were dumbed down by Common Core & can't add in our head, but some of us don't need pencil & paper to add, we still have a brain, but I for got u have tried to kill our brain cells with other junk in meds & food, well u didn't get us all, God has us Covered
## 327 @BrandonStraka It’s common core.
## 328 @realchrisrufo Sounds great but these rogue school teachers, superintendents and or districts will just change the name fr CRT to something else and push it down the throats of our kids anyways. They did it with that stupid common core math trash. I think it’s called “expanded math” here🙄.
## 329 @crazykarens @DavidHa77647773 Common Core strikes again.
## 330 @NicholasFerroni Indoctrination of our children. And Common Core is dumbing down our children and the teachers go right along with it. Who is stranding up for our kids? No one.... ma$king our kids like slaves. Dehumanizing
## 331 This feels like Common Core but with 100% more malice & toxicity\n"SB 2202 & HB 3979 prohibit students from receiving class credit for promoting civic engagement & bans districts from receiving private funding for social studies curriculum development,materials & teacher training" https://t.co/rXpGZHUk21
## 332 Professor: common core was actually really good for students \nMe: logs off
## 333 #CommonCore IS NOT MATH!!! \n#ScientificMethodIsReal https://t.co/ofaf3v4z8v
## 334 Fear of Flying's Common Core. Psychology Today https://t.co/7nMRyt4YuC RT travel #airlines #IARTG #book travel https://t.co/AqV3aCp8Ba
## 335 @TheRealMkA20 No, all those common core studies were deemed "white supremacy propaganda" by the woke mob.
## 336 I've watched all but the first 10 minutes of this match. This has to be some common core math bullshit. https://t.co/ehiFJDe5HM
## 337 Schools Test-Drive Common Core - https://t.co/7IWbQMdDMY
## 338 @Pythago38919500 Fyi, common core is actually Gates program. Read the lyrics. You should be able to see
## 339 @JackPosobiec Common Core math?
## 340 @NiedsG @bethanyshondark Or you can look at the right, which has been cutting school funding at every chance for decades, promoting creationism in science classes, and is responsible for Common Core overhaul. There’s a lot lacking in those red states too as far as a “genuine education.”
## 341 @WaterburyKevin @BuckBond4 Most likely a textbook product from CA or TX...looks familiar - similar to one of the texts that was purchased before I took a job teaching HS Social Studies a few years back. If you think is appalling, check the Common Core standards for US Gov't/American History...nightmare.
## 342 @bigredwavenow Good morning Santa! That must be new common core math statistics 🤣 https://t.co/ymvH3OCdvO
## 343 @AlexPadilla4CA Open the borders and allow people who my have Covid come right over while Americans are locked down and asked to double mask. \n\nAre you worried about Covid or NOT?!? Makes zero sense. Must be common core logic.
## 344 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 man when are they going to realize not all of us are products of common core education? https://t.co/ZNLiphj040
## 345 @Ben91932 @syahdatals @IdoDaniel @ajplus They’re not the original inhabitants. So you can answer incorrectly and it counts? How very common core of you.
## 346 @JustMe43963414 @ninna592 Because these fools learned that f’n common core math.
## 347 213mil LEGAL registered voters, 67% of whom voted=143mil LEGAL votes, trump got 74+mil, 3rd party 3mil 143-77=66mil LEGAL votes left for biden Please explain how he got 81mil, common core?????? https://t.co/jrQ52gbBNX
## 348 @CamEdwards @marilyn_brickel So now society shall apply common core math to every facets of society. All evil is accepted. All who don’t like it shall be censored or droned😎
## 349 Florida has rejected "Common Core." But, imagine the pressure on other states charged with educating children in a "pandemic" getting "free curriculum?"\nIt's like Dominion all over again. https://t.co/WOpAYVVxOI https://t.co/8GWedHArQu
## 350 @w_terrence Just like Biden that claim win by 80 million or so and Trump 74 million but if we put it in context 74-100= 26 means 26 million determine election outcome? Is my math wrong or should I use common core math?
## 351 @WSJ That Common Core math is a bitch.
## 352 Common core might be racist. Math sure isn't. https://t.co/MIyACNFKTu
## 353 @chromasphere @RobAnderson2018 I majored in engineering, and I had to youtube common core math to help my 4th grader with homework.
## 354 This is what happens with common core math. https://t.co/oSiCYII00G
## 355 @charilewis Agreed. I have a teaching credential and I am against common core nonsense.\nOne size does not fit all. One pedagogy does not fit everyone. Everyone should have access to custom school. Meet students where they are to nurture and empower them.
## 356 @tedcruz Give them some time, they are using common core to get to the answer. They have some proving and possibly some corrections to work through.
## 357 tutoring a student who’s taking California Common Core Math II is 100x harder than my day job
## 358 Conform: Exposing the Truth About Common Core and Public Education (Control (Audio)) https://t.co/eJNXoKxOlz
## 359 Check out Prentice Hall Mathematics Course 1 Common Core Teacher's Edtion 2013 Edition... https://t.co/N4K1cE03kk via @eBay
## 360 @sadiaslayy i think the common core math is working 🙃🙃🙃
## 361 Common Core English Workbook: Grade 5 English by Ace Academic Publishing\nLast access : 65849 user\nLast server checked : 13 Minutes ago!\n\nCommon Core English Workbook: Grade 5 English by Ace Academic Publishing PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI Kindle\nCommon Core English Workbook: Grade
## 362 Democrats insist there can be more ballots cast than registered voters because of Common Core math
## 363 @JrsSteph Designed by common core ....called the covid cutt 🤣🤣🤣😅😅🤣
## 364 @BuckSexton @BrianTh37895972 Yup. That's what they tell us. And the people who listen to them eat it up. Critical thinking skills? They took that out of the classroom when they put in Common Core.
## 365 @DailyCaller common core math?
## 366 @_mexodus_ See what common core did 🙄 smh
## 367 @DemocracyInn And Biden needs to reform education. Common Core curriculum has failed.
## 368 Similarly, how will teaching students to produce non-historically specific, delineated genres (e.g. ‘expository’, ‘narrative’, ‘opinion’, ‘argument’ etc.) derived from generic American Common Core standards help student write historically? 8/14
## 369 @_Alexa_Bee You’re using that common core logic. Lol. I just do the maths cuz no one ever really taught me to manipulate numbers like that. 😂😂
## 370 @TheMicrobes9 Our schools have failed us. One giant mess of rambling text. Must have been a common core graduate.
## 371 @theLiberaven @marwilliamson @TheRockettMann This defintion of Socialism is incomplete at best, and often misleading. Collective ownership is absolutely a common core tenant of Socialism, but it's roots are deeper. All socialist societies don't just want public ownership of markets, but their common trait is WHY they...
## 372 @CaitlinPacific first it was differentiated instruction and diversity, and now doing a complete 180. oh & common core was a failure, so maybe it's the administrators that need to do a lessons learned.
## 373 i play jumpstart, but math's hard\nand i can't stand learning anything\n i like when grown-ups call me smart\nbut i'm dumb, so i won't add sums up anymore\nand i barely even care that i'm forgetting all the common core
## 374 @2Sly4i2 Well they counted that with common core math. So.
## 375 @shineburstxc My little brother got her from a common core crystal and i still don't have her😑
## 376 @jeremyfaust must be common core math https://t.co/0Rrn51u8YF
## 377 @Quaesitor12 @DeAngelisCorey @thehunterboggs by those individuals who have largely created this issue, and they always seem to have a profit motive in mind. I don't trust Bill Gates to do well with his efforts, and for good reason; common core, his solution, was acknowledged by him as a failure.
## 378 @JonKatzShow @RealWillMunny Not if you are using common core math
## 379 the common core https://t.co/aysbJiXjwO
## 380 Civics Ed. Is on the Precipice of Becoming Common Core 2.0 (Opinion) https://t.co/J3MIvL9jjS https://t.co/W6Q61VQjvm
## 381 I've been a FT mom, wife, 1st grade teacher, cook, house keeper, caregiver, etc for the past 400 days. My kids went back to in person school today and I just wanna thank God that I no longer have to do 1st grade common core math.
## 382 @JulieSnark Only the ones not taught under common core ...Oh and have a brain and common sense
## 383 @MaraJade_Sith how’s he doin’ with his multiplication tables? Oh wait.. “common core” exists. Lord Vader knows only how the hell they’re teaching that subject! Haha
## 384 @M__Gabb Common core math?
## 385 @YagirlATH @ochocinco This that common core math
## 386 @ShayCormac_1 @AFTunion I think they’re using Common Core Science
## 387 In 2010, establishment Republican Jeb Bush, a supporter of Common Core, held a conference called “Globalization of Higher Education”. It's attendees? Hillary Clinton, UNESCO personnel, former World Bank President, former US Education Secretary Arne Duncan and others.
## 388 @imreneethatsit 😶 Common Core math? 🤔
## 389 REALLY COOL resource for teaching media literacy. Free units and stand-alone lessons for teachers K-16, tied to common core standards. Can't wait to teach this stuff! Thanks Ithaca College! #edel522 #medialiterate #projectlooksharp https://t.co/VpjQmojory
## 390 He's using common core! https://t.co/27SRRES8Rr
## 391 @DIG00934930 @TheTangerineTa1 @mattgaetz “Common core math” - what does this mean?\n\nAlso - parse is used when deconstructing and analyzing sentences, not putting them together. So to say “parse 2 coherent sentences” doesn’t make any sense, you would parse a single item.\n\nIt’s cute when Trumpers try to sound educated.
## 392 Read it on PsychToday - Fear of Flying's Common Core https://t.co/jFa2g6FsDx https://t.co/xIFZPJ7Bu6
## 393 @mariana057 This has been my biggest criticism of common core math. I get that common core math is to teach alternative though processes towards math. I can understand and appreciate that, but not at the cost of assigning an incorrect value towards a process that arrives at a correct answer!
## 394 #CommonCore #CommonSense Knowledge is power site:Is this #compact style of writing #common or unique as editors say https://t.co/sxW9RHgWzm
## 395 @lublintodublin it's just 'common core maths' again. every now and then people need to get angry at teachers for teaching anything but '2 + 2 = 4'
## 396 That’s obvious to most of us that can still add with our brains and our fingers but after a generation that has only had lesson plans from the common core math agenda they don’t get it!! https://t.co/K3FZIcRK0u
## 397 @aimeecarrero \nHere ya go.\n\nFl. lawmaker: Common Core makes you gay https://t.co/EDPRtq4GxL via @YouTube
## 398 COMMON CORE EDUCATION STANDARDS IDIOT !\nYOU ARE 😆 https://t.co/rPZle5Ks2k
## 399 @JohnCLeer This dude using common core math or smth https://t.co/jivMUl9qgd
## 400 [Read] Kindle 8th Grade Common Core Math: Daily Practice Workbook | 1000+ Practice Questions and Video Explanations | Argo Brothers -> https://t.co/Agy0xGG8wu
## 401 Common Core maths 😜 https://t.co/v9Tu0OU6Kr
## 402 THIS is the issue. The church and the GOP have corrupted each other to the point that both are rotten. The common core starting point being: corrupt white men who create a doctrine based on fear, judgment & crusades that kill. https://t.co/J3wsqaaDUY
## 403 @stremm7 @BangoMutt @AFTunion @rweingarten How were you protected from Common Core? Seems suspicious...
## 404 @w_terrence They used common core math
## 405 Now combine this with the effects of Common Core math and we have generations lost to critical thinking, efficiency and advancement in all walks of life. Their crowning achievement: slaves. https://t.co/Zsfd8JGJbh
## 406 @DeItaone Common Core should get that up to about 96%
## 407 Does common core math help with 12 step programs?\n\nOr do you wind up at the bottom as long as you show the work? https://t.co/s4BX6jZkhj
## 408 @PaulBrakefield @ACTBrigitte Common Core Math.🤣
## 409 @RumbaRebel13 @disclosetv That maybe that’s plan. Then the federal government will take over. Like they did to education. Now we have common core and CRT.
## 410 @thedestroyer126 @crvnberrie Colleges complained for decades about grads needing remedial training & being unable to understand how to apply their knowledge (thinking)!\nWhy do ppl complain that thinking is dumbing down & Common Core is worthless for wanting critical thinking.
## 411 @miles_commodore My kids brought home common core and my husband and I had to google “fact families”.... I feel your pain!
## 412 @michaelmalice Common Core math has gone too far.
## 413 @HerbsandDirt Yep. And sadly most parents of children being dumbed down in government schools today are also products of common core themselves so they’re missing the clues.
## 414 @holz_bau Is there any data on egress and life safety with one fire stair vs two? I worked on a project once with a "scissor" fire stair. The two entrances were close together and shared a common core—essentially two stairs in the space of one.
## 415 Must be common-core! https://t.co/vybvLUEIYg
## 416 @rmahon87 @TheRising1776 @kylenabecker Common core math junkies and failures. I know you 🐏🐑 are good lil obedient 🐑🐏. Now look at the lil red number and explain how it dropped? Wait I know 2+2= Purple Chicken 👍. I would explain it for you but wouldn't want that lil 🐏🐑🧠 of yours to 🤯
## 417 @SanityBredcrums @realchrisrufo It is being taught now in K-12. \nESSA ensured that Common Core's FEDERAL control of our public schools would continue. So parents just don't know a lot of what is going on. We need to get rid of CC & Fed control. States can choose what is best for their needs.
## 418 @goddeketal Fauxci's "bug"\nFauxci's "cure"\n\nEwe don't need common core math to solve for criminal behavior.
## 419 @Fotis_Michael @BisforBerkshire @CovingtonEDU so how long have you been in it? We had this PRIOR to the rise of HST, schl grades, etc and common core. add systematic defunding and voila, it doesn’t work. That’s how privatization happens.. planned destruction. see jeb and ALEC .. come on.
## 420 I'm not a @Chiefs fan but uhhhh how does 1 unsportsmanlike conduct offset 1 unsportsmanlike conduct AND 2 personal fouls??? Someone pleeeease explain that math to me. Is it common core math? The @BuffaloBills are losing and throwing a tantrum on the field at this point. #WTF https://t.co/FarAgP5i9P
## 421 @spricehorn Common Core NFL math.
## 422 @CWarrior_17 @A_Candle_Lit Schools here adhere to common core. Some HS do a decent job, but I've still seen a lot of Zinn, Naomi Wolf, etc., which provides a decidedly left-bias. For MS, the emphasis is on reading "skills" & so students read novels w/ historical settings as a means to teaching history.
## 423 @jessicai917 @ericswalwell If you take the number of voters "real ones" and deduct 74 million from that number Biden could only have 58 million votes. It's math and not that common core shit you all pedal. You may want it to 81 million but it is impossible. When Biden's caught you blame Trump for it.
## 424 Feel like this is why the created common core #LiberalismIsAMentalDisorder https://t.co/e4hS0oWv1f
## 425 This is the new Common Core maths LOL https://t.co/hdfw4LkKMj
## 426 Schools will stop accepting funds from Gates Foundation. Whither Common Core? https://t.co/Xba1FBqbOQ
## 427 Transcending The Controversy Over Common Core? https://t.co/KK8naKDS6e
## 428 @diyazi2 @NoahCRothman Maybe parents are at work. Maybe parents dont know how to help teach kids algebra/common core math. Maybe kids live with elderly grandparents/drug moms/etc. Schools are necessary for many.
## 429 @rhett_chavez Common core is a bit crazy....
## 430 @RealMattCouch 27 but I learned common core math
## 431 @benshapiro Actually they are still 300 to 400 million in the red. Remember 2 shots per person. 350 million, take away children, 275+ million adults. This has to be common core math or liberal logic. It's about the same.
## 432 Satire becomes truth with Common Core . . https://t.co/NH1twJxfcO
## 433 @CasuallyGreg This graph also shows the second one being about 60% instead of 48%. Man these people are stupid. It should be divided slightly less than half the circle. Well that’s common core for you.
## 434 @ABC36News when did common core start again?
## 435 Is handwriting becoming a lost art? The new Common Core Standards adopted by most states in the U.S. make teaching cursive optional and up to individual states. https://t.co/kKq4xAI5GL
## 436 @Dretchy Let me get my Common Core calculator....
## 437 @DavidSantigo7 @literal_sponge @cowboys282 @Lukewearechange Its 1/10 of that... did you do common core math?
## 438 People love to talk shit about common core math, but honestly these all seem like really great ways of teaching division to 4th graders, and providing a multitude of strategies is good because different ones will make more sense to different students.\nhttps://t.co/R4I21RuKtC
## 439 @CommonSenseEd Ever want to show students how to organize the lower case letters of their ABC's in order? Originally designed for kindergartners, this lesson can be adapted for any grade level.\n\n#commoncore #technology #letters #googleslides #kindergarten\n\nhttps://t.co/JvBFpG7blR
## 440 @OneFool17 @HaZey_hM @LegendaryEnergy Yep we’ve spent 2 yrs building a network of like minded homeschooling folks due to SB276&SB277 I knew they were coming for children with the vax - follow your gut. Let alone the common core BS for a 1st grader just learning math and struggling w/reading. She’s ahead now wahooooo
## 441 @MissKatieDi @timburchett @GovBillLee @JasonZacharyTN @JeremyFaison4TN Same people who aregued against common core without ever learning what it is. \n\n(Fun fact: despite Gov's nonsense signing the other day...we teach "common core")
## 442 @nancyflanagan “that the Common Core amounted to an inane distraction and a giant waste of time.” Duh
## 443 Why Common Core failed https://t.co/zSmsnV2yEz via @BrookingsInst
## 444 @greganon54 @GeorgeStamour Common core the destruction of American education
## 445 @Quityoyellin @GarnerVideoPros Oh yes, I forgot! Common core is racist, even though Dems pushed it into schools in the first place...
## 446 The Demo-Commies can change anything in a minutes notice but the Republicans can never change anything. Did you know the schools are still teaching Common Core. That should have been canceled four years ago on day one!
## 447 Florida gov: hates common core bc states rights and teachers should have choice in how they teach\nAlso Florida gov: "bans" CRT despite it not being present in the curriculum at all
## 448 Schools Test-Drive Common Core - https://t.co/7IWbQMdDMY
## 449 @GrrArrgh @ryethegirl @whitneywildrose @BravoTV Some wasn’t. A LOT was. I’m telling you- Obamacare/Common Core/ people being fired for using wrong pronouns, lack of Conservative voices on MSM- lack of voices speaking out for religious rights, again- identity politics- those I hear the most
## 450 Common Core Math 101: If Mike has 3 grapefruits and two apples for sale for $1.20 what gender is he?
## 451 @JoshuaPStarr Wow, a whole song about Common Core?
## 452 @bigheadnolan79 This has been true LONG BEFORE Common Core!\nWhy ignore the problems Reagan found in 1970s!
## 453 @reg1776 Common core accomplished that 20 years ago.
## 454 FREE BOOKS were very good guests. They were easy to communicate with before and during their stay. They were communicative, friendly, interesting to spend time with just chatting, friendly and very neat. Welcome to come back anytime. 5th Grade Math Workbook: Common Core Math Work
## 455 Plus this project completely messes with our common core reqs, making nonsense of them, which I like.
## 456 @cfgAction @GavinNewsom School choice & Parental choice are NOT the same things. Often parents must surrender their 'choice' to get kids into charters, other 'choices.' \n\nAs long as Common Core is still REQUIRED in most public schools 'choice' is nothing but a change in location. Education is still BAD.
## 457 @Pappiness @laurenboebert Nick, your common core math skills are showing. And they're embarrassing you.
## 458 @SalJ1096 @JohnMKerr55 @DerekSloanCPC These Trolls are Common Core to the core of Idiocracy! https://t.co/0jIZXvWAyQ
## 459 Higher Level Thinking #Reading Comprehension #TaskCards w/ Student Desk Reminders by MrTechnology on #TeachersPayTeachers #edtech #edchat #education #summerschool \n https://t.co/8Zc3z0Qc89
## 460 @SteveScalise @NewYorkGOP Hold on now, he may be using common core.
## 461 @berniespofforth Can't imagine what they're doing in common core math, I mean our kids are going to be idiots and China's dominate math.\nThey're probably like: \nIf you got 2 racists and 1 bad orange man, socialism saves the world
## 462 @Sodangfancy100 Stupidest bunch of B.S. I've ever heard!! Sounds like common core only racist!! Same people I'm sure!!
## 463 @mark_bauerlein Yes. They are dead beat cellar dwellers with dozens of sock-puppet accounts so it looks like there are exponentially more of them than there really are. They don't do any thinking. They just follow orders. It is as if they'd been educated in Common Core/Action Civics fashion...
## 464 @conspiracyb0t You forget “common core” maths 😂
## 465 @Unpurgeable18 @canine2 @CalhounCrede @PaulGregory2173 @Phyllis94584953 @jusme1233 @traveler002 @DustinA66460461 @itsaboutdamnti1 @ISafeyet @MarvinRJeffcoat @kcinor @MaryLanser @Michel78118339 @StillFreeSCOTTY @tnolwene @Wahboom @skis416 @VGat9300 @MarcGriff89 @KishorTrivedi7 @OxmanMartin @WeStand4theFlag @ConnorInsurance @Christo29932651 @OratorBlog @ICanPlainlySee @MichaelJFell @TrumpetHerr @teagiver7 @ilDonaldoTrumpo @JessieJaneDuff @cinarte1956 @WhalenMona @tatianycoeuvre @SophieCWong @SookyBlessingtn @JT375043170 @bindyb123 @slimefin @MarilynLavala @thedude77 @DFBHarvard @Ann_marie1231 @CassyWearsHeels @CarlHigbie @DevilDogIBiteU @frfldres12 @DonaldJTrumpJr @cudagirl0730 Well i see you found another College Professor that teaches Common Core spelling and punctuation and proper sentence structuring along with Common Core math skills.🤣😂🤣😂😂🤣🤣🤓🤓🤓🤓
## 466 Common Core: Ban IXL in America. - Sign the Petition! https://t.co/gcMUXFtHBh via @Change
## 467 [Download] EBOOK Grammar, Grades 5-6 (Kelley Wingate: Common Core Editions) >> https://t.co/AjNHxudi08
## 468 @BurrowDweller73 And common core math no less. Lol
## 469 South Dakota lawmakers are using the "letter of intent" to block education bureaucrats from applying for federal grants to teach CRT\n#CriticalRaceTheory #CommonCore #ActionCivics #SouthDakota #KristiNoem https://t.co/xblsbPX45z
## 470 @MichaelN1969 @billmaher what shitty common core math are you using?
## 471 @MarketWatch Common. Core. End of discussion.
## 472 i like when people think i'm smart \nbut i'm dumb, so i won't add sums up anymore \nand i barely even care that i'm forgetting all the common core
## 473 @ink7 States mandate testing for ALL states even without Common Core. CC is standards, NOT curriculum or testing.
## 474 @info_171 @PukePlastic @jeremy43663430 @ChristaRainone @ukats74 @Sandrajayne77 @SecPompeo Again I dont feel FREE is free, have used both public and private schools and both have advantages, it all depends on the states requirement on curriculum, COMMON CORE came about snd did the most damage to public schools..went to public, grandsons too, HONOR STUDENTS 100% smart
## 475 People weirdly/conveniently forget that common core and state standards have elementary students learning about the branches of government, functions, voting, how bills work, etc. Impeachment is just another part of our government that students have to learn about. 🥴 https://t.co/AfEkspkpiy
## 476 Common Core Math https://t.co/CV9kWuNqK2
## 477 @MsJR88 Common Core?
## 478 @Julius_Kim I use commas.\n\nI multiply the old way no common core crap. \n\nI add multiple numbers by 10s then carry over.\n\nI spell theatre for going to plays, theater for movies.\n\nSo no, I won't come at you; however, sometimes, twitter makes me have to adjust to the times, but I try to adapt.
## 479 @samanthamarika1 Don’t forget about how he took over the schools with common core to brainwash an entire generation
## 480 @PackGawds_ Common Core is too complex for me too
## 481 @creation247 Common Core education
## 482 Common core. https://t.co/Dy51EsPvGh
## 483 @bindureddy Knowing math is the center of logic; why do you think government in 67 went to New mathematics and in 90 starting testing out common core?
## 484 @RepMarkTakano Totally. She was a jerk for instituting Common Core.
## 485 @__WORD_PLAY__ @IngrahamAngle @usedgov Pesta mentions Common Core a lot but fails to explain that most complaints are GOV mandates & local choices. He also fails to mention that his comments describe ALL standards, not just CC!
## 486 @amandawalma Get rid of common core
## 487 @KaleWontSaveYou @MsMariaT Common core is an insult to the education of this generation.
## 488 @BidenLs 18 is the new 7... We can thank Common core and deleted history for this..
## 489 Common core biology https://t.co/Gsj3XvZBq6
## 490 @JoePantorno It’s that darn common core
## 491 @sandygoombers @KantoMeowth @Mossworm1 Well interestingly enough that is what the "common core" math was designed for, note how badly people mocked it, and it was abandoned https://t.co/QTuf6s21ae\n\nhttps://t.co/hyqIG4WTlz
## 492 @Thewiseonewon Did she ever do anything about getting rid of common core?\nI haven't heard much about that.
## 493 EBOOK Download Free Summer Learning HeadStart, Grade 3 to 4: Fun Activities Plus Math, Reading, and Language Workbooks: Bridge to Success with Common Core Aligned Resources and Workbooks => https://t.co/RD3mlZTlgs\n\nSummer Learning He
## 494 @PHILLIPOSPREY Alright, I'll be there but none of this new common core math!
## 495 @Amy_Siskind I'm stronger than I imagined I could be. I worked from home for 6 years prior to covid. Lost my job, live with son and grandson. I actually can do common core ( at a 2nd grade level) remote learning w/grandson while son works. Mastered online shopping.
## 496 Dear Common Core, go fuck yourself. - Sincerely, all the parents
## 497 @thisisinsider Whats one thing almost every case has in common? Resisting arrest. Pretty simple if caught committing a crime DO NOT FUCKING RESIST!!!! \n\nBut in a time when we had common core instituted to try to "narrow the IQ gap" its not too surprising that people can't grasp that concept.
## 498 Have #Common-Core Standards ruined our children's #handwriting? https://t.co/KGjSwVIJW9
## 499 Kindle Download 6th Grade Common Core Math: Daily Practice Workbook - Part I: Multiple Choice | 1000+ Practice Questions and Video Explanations | Argo Brothers >> https://t.co/M2EkXvnLbX
## 500 @Joshua_one_life @uscensusbureau I guess it would make sense if the 10-20 yr olds were complaining as you say, (common core started in 2010). I am thinking that the “one side and other side” are not in those age brackets. Just a thought. 😳
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## 78 {0, 0, 0, 0, -0.85, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -4.65, 0, 0}
## 79 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.35}
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## 87 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 89 {0, 0, 0}
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## 97 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 99 {0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 100 {3.033, 0, 0, -0.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 101 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0}
## 102 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 107 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 109 {0, 0, 0, 0, 2.6137}
## 110 {0, 0, 1.6, -2.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 111 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0}
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## 113 {0, 0, 0, 1.2, 0, 0, -1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.9, 0}
## 114 {0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 116 {0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.793, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 118 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 121 {0, 0, 1.3, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 122 {0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.5, 0, 0, 0, -2.6, 0}
## 123 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 125 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 126 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 127 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 128 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 129 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 130 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 131 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 132 {0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 133 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.75}
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## 135 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 136 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 137 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 138 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 139 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, -2.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.814, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.7}
## 140 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 142 {0, 0, 1.8, 0, 0, -1.998, 0, 2.146, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.592, 0, 0, 0, -2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0.7, 0}
## 143 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0}
## 144 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 145 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 146 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 149 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 150 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, -0.629, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.6, 0, 0, 0, -1.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.55, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -4.2}
## 151 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5}
## 152 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.7495, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.95, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 153 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 154 {0, 0, 0, 0, 3.083, 0, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 155 {0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0}
## 156 {0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0}
## 157 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 158 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.85, 3.45, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.95, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 159 {0, -2.833, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 160 {0, 0, 1.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 161 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.7637, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 162 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 163 {0, 0, 0, 0, 1.97835, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0}
## 164 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 165 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.833, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 166 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 167 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 168 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 169 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0}
## 170 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0}
## 171 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 172 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.693, 0, 2.1637, 0, 0, 0, -0.5, -2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.406}
## 173 {0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 176 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 177 {0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0}
## 178 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0}
## 179 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 180 {2.8, 0, 0, 1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.2, 0, 0, 1.11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 181 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.693}
## 182 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 183 {0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 185 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.5, 0}
## 186 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
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## 189 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 190 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9}
## 191 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 192 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 193 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 194 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.093, 0, 0}
## 195 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 196 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 197 {0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 198 {0, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 199 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 200 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.1, 0}
## 201 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.35}
## 202 {0, 0, 0, -2.8, 0, 0, 0, 0.296, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 203 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 204 {0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 205 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 206 {0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 207 {-3.1, 0, 0, 0.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 208 {0, -1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 209 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 210 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0}
## 211 {0, -1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, -1.7, 0}
## 212 {1.5, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 213 {1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.111, 0, 0, 1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.85, 0, -4.35, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 214 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 215 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 216 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, -3.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 217 {0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 218 {0, 2.35, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.7}
## 219 {-1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0}
## 220 {0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 221 {0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0}
## 222 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.0965, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.109, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 223 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 224 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.8, 0.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0, 0}
## 225 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 226 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 227 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.1, 0, 0, 0, 2.35, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 228 {0, 0, 0, 1.5, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.406}
## 229 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 230 {0, 0, 0, -0.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 231 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 232 {0, -0.4, 0, 0, 0, -2.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 233 {0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0}
## 234 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.433, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 235 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 236 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 237 {0, 0, 0, 0, 1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 238 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 239 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 240 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 241 {0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.628, 0, 0, 0}
## 242 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.702, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 243 {0, 0, 0, 0, 1.793, 0, -2.4637, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 244 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 245 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 246 {0, 0, 0, 0, 3.093, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 247 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.733, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 248 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 249 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 250 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 251 {0, 0, 3.183, 0, 2.233, 0, 0, 0, 1.833, 0, 0, 0}
## 252 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0}
## 253 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 254 {3.033, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3.193, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 255 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 256 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.75, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4.05, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.25, 0, 0, 0}
## 257 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 258 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.3, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 259 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.7}
## 260 {0, 1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 261 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 262 {0, 0, 2.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 263 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 264 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 265 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.7, 0}
## 266 {0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0}
## 267 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 268 {0, 0, 0, 0.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.1637, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 269 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 270 {1.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.393, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0}
## 271 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 272 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 273 {0, 0, 0, 0, -1.4, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.7, 0, 0, -1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.7, 0, 0, 2.1, 0, 0, 0, 1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 274 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 275 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 276 {0, 0, 0, 0.65, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -4.65, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 277 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0}
## 278 {0, 0, -0.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 279 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 1.97835, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 280 {0, 0, 0.85, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.95, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 281 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3.083}
## 282 {1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 283 {-1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 284 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 285 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 286 {0, 0, 1.55, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.1605, 0}
## 287 {0, 0, 0, 2.442, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 288 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 289 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 290 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.5, 0, 0, 0, -0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.35}
## 291 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 292 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.8, 0, 0, 2.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 293 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 294 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 295 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3}
## 296 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 297 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 298 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 299 {0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 300 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 301 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3.1, 0, 0, 3.1}
## 302 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 303 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 304 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 305 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 306 {0, 0, 3.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5637, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 307 {0, 0, 0, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.933, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 308 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 309 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 310 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, 2.593, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 311 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 312 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0}
## 313 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.37, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0}
## 314 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 315 {0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0}
## 316 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.3}
## 317 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1.9}
## 318 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 319 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 320 {0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 321 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 322 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.2, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.8, 0}
## 323 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 324 {0, 0, 0, 0, 2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 325 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.9, 0, 0, 0}
## 326 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -5.55, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.65, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.65, 0, 0, 0}
## 327 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 328 {0, 0, 1.55, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 329 {0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0}
## 330 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, -2.4}
## 331 {0, 0, 0.75, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.4, 0, 2.25, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 332 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.193, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 333 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 334 {-2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 335 {0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.2, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 336 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -4.2, 0}
## 337 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 338 {0, 0.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 339 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 340 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1.5, 0.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 341 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 342 {0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 343 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 344 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 345 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.962, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 346 {0, 0, 0, 0, -2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 347 {0, 1.233, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.233, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 1.233, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 348 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.4, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, -0.6, 0, 0}
## 349 {0, 0, -1.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.8, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3.45, 0, 0, 2.25, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 350 {0, 0, 0.75, 0, 0, 0, 1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 351 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.8}
## 352 {0, 0, 0, 0, -3, 0, 1.3, 0, 0}
## 353 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 354 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 355 {0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.4, 0, 0, 0}
## 356 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 357 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 358 {0, -1.1, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 359 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 360 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 361 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 362 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 363 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 364 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 365 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 366 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3}
## 367 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3}
## 368 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 369 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.35, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0}
## 370 {0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 371 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.6, 0, 0, -0.85, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.333, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 372 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 373 {0, 0.7, 0, 0, 0, -0.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.25, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.55, 0, 0, -3.45, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.882475, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 374 {0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 375 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 376 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 377 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.702, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3}
## 378 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 379 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 380 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 381 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 1.1, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 382 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 383 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2}
## 384 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 385 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 386 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 387 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 388 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 389 {0, 3.059, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 390 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 391 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 392 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 393 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.95, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.85, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 394 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 395 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 396 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 397 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 398 {0, 0, 0, 0, -3.033, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 399 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 400 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0}
## 401 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 402 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3.7, 0}
## 403 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5}
## 404 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 405 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, -1.3, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 406 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 407 {0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 408 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 409 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 410 {0, 0, 0, -1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, 0, 0, -0.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, -1.3, 0}
## 411 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3}
## 412 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 413 {0, 1.2, 0, -1.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.47835, 0, 0}
## 414 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.8, 0, 0, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 415 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 416 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.95, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.333, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 417 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3.2, 0, 0, 0}
## 418 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.8, 0, -2.4, 0}
## 419 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 420 {0, 0, 0, 0, -0.481, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.4, 0, 0, 0, -2.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -5.2995, 0}
## 421 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 422 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 423 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0, 0}
## 424 {0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 425 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3.083, 0}
## 426 {0, 0, -1.2, 1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 427 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 428 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 429 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.4}
## 430 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 431 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 432 {0, 0, 1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 433 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 434 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 435 {0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 436 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 437 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 438 {0, 1.6, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 2.25, 0, 5.0895, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.85, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 439 {0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 440 {0, 0, 0, 1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 441 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 1.258, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 442 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.6, 0, 0, 0, -1.8, 0, 0, 0}
## 443 {0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0}
## 444 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.7, 0, 0, 0}
## 445 {0, 0, 0, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 446 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 447 {0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 448 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 449 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.6, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 450 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 451 {0, 2.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 452 {0, 0, 0, 0, 1.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.5, 0, -1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 453 {0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 454 {3.033, 0, 0, 0, 2.193, 0, 0, 0, 1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.2, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.2, 0, 0, 2.293, 2.27835, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 455 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5}
## 456 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -4.8495}
## 457 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.6, 0}
## 458 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 459 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 460 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 461 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.5, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.5, 0, 0, -2.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 462 {0, -2.4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, -3, 0, 0, 0, 1.3}
## 463 {0, 1.7, 0, 0, -3.3, 0, 0, -0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.7637, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 464 {0, 0, -0.9, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 465 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 466 {0, 0, -2.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 467 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 468 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.853}
## 469 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 470 {0, 0, 0, -2.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 471 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 472 {0, 0.75, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.85, 0, 0, -3.45, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.882475, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 473 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 474 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.24442, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.493, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.933, 0, 0, 1.7}
## 475 {0, 0, -0.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 476 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 477 {0, 0, 0}
## 478 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.6, 0, 0, -0.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.7465, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 479 {0, 0, -0.9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 480 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 481 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 482 {0, 0, 0}
## 483 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 484 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.4, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 485 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.9895, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 486 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 487 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 488 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 489 {0, 0, 0, 0}
## 490 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 491 {0, 0, 0, 1.1, 1.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2, 0, 0}
## 492 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 493 {0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 494 {0, 0.5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 495 {0, 0, 1.6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 496 {1.6, 0, 0, 0, -2.5, 0, 0, 2.1, 0, 0, 0}
## 497 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.7, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, 0.15, 0, -1.25, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1.221, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 498 {0, 0, 0, -2.1, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 499 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## 500 {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -0.8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
## compound pos neu neg but_count
## 1 0.296 0.145 0.855 0.000 0
## 2 0.599 0.096 0.904 0.000 0
## 3 0.822 0.142 0.858 0.000 0
## 4 0.691 0.222 0.778 0.000 1
## 5 0.250 0.045 0.955 0.000 0
## 6 -0.251 0.117 0.725 0.158 1
## 7 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 8 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 9 0.572 0.209 0.791 0.000 0
## 10 -0.268 0.086 0.810 0.105 1
## 11 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 12 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 13 -0.691 0.000 0.737 0.263 0
## 14 0.315 0.068 0.886 0.045 0
## 15 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 16 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 17 0.757 0.176 0.745 0.079 0
## 18 -0.531 0.000 0.823 0.177 0
## 19 0.440 0.116 0.884 0.000 0
## 20 0.651 0.138 0.862 0.000 0
## 21 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 22 0.527 0.306 0.694 0.000 0
## 23 -0.695 0.000 0.913 0.087 0
## 24 -0.929 0.043 0.681 0.276 0
## 25 -0.714 0.000 0.883 0.117 0
## 26 0.877 0.279 0.721 0.000 0
## 27 -0.296 0.000 0.879 0.121 0
## 28 0.160 0.276 0.492 0.232 0
## 29 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 30 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 31 -0.888 0.047 0.621 0.332 0
## 32 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 33 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 34 0.102 0.120 0.798 0.082 0
## 35 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 36 0.700 0.132 0.868 0.000 0
## 37 -0.273 0.000 0.769 0.231 0
## 38 -0.494 0.000 0.856 0.144 0
## 39 0.361 0.128 0.872 0.000 0
## 40 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 41 0.531 0.158 0.765 0.077 0
## 42 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 43 -0.796 0.000 0.831 0.169 0
## 44 -0.402 0.062 0.817 0.120 0
## 45 -0.421 0.000 0.851 0.149 0
## 46 0.273 0.259 0.741 0.000 0
## 47 0.520 0.093 0.880 0.027 0
## 48 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 49 0.318 0.116 0.832 0.052 0
## 50 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 51 -0.294 0.000 0.695 0.305 0
## 52 0.440 0.127 0.873 0.000 0
## 53 -0.402 0.000 0.934 0.066 0
## 54 -0.527 0.000 0.764 0.236 0
## 55 0.340 0.375 0.481 0.144 0
## 56 -0.563 0.110 0.665 0.225 0
## 57 0.636 0.143 0.857 0.000 0
## 58 0.414 0.147 0.853 0.000 0
## 59 0.402 0.085 0.915 0.000 0
## 60 -0.318 0.072 0.812 0.116 0
## 61 0.900 0.302 0.698 0.000 0
## 62 -0.382 0.000 0.878 0.122 0
## 63 -0.206 0.000 0.939 0.061 0
## 64 -0.637 0.000 0.802 0.198 0
## 65 -0.103 0.000 0.865 0.135 0
## 66 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 67 -0.318 0.000 0.897 0.103 0
## 68 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 69 0.791 0.206 0.794 0.000 0
## 70 -0.226 0.000 0.808 0.192 0
## 71 0.357 0.184 0.816 0.000 0
## 72 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 73 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 74 -0.620 0.112 0.693 0.195 0
## 75 0.637 0.181 0.819 0.000 0
## 76 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 77 -0.026 0.117 0.764 0.119 0
## 78 -0.818 0.000 0.706 0.294 1
## 79 0.519 0.295 0.705 0.000 0
## 80 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 81 0.433 0.074 0.888 0.038 0
## 82 0.813 0.307 0.693 0.000 0
## 83 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 84 0.273 0.130 0.870 0.000 0
## 85 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 86 -0.579 0.090 0.752 0.159 1
## 87 0.361 0.091 0.909 0.000 0
## 88 -0.296 0.000 0.939 0.061 0
## 89 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 90 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 91 -0.361 0.000 0.857 0.143 0
## 92 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 93 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 94 0.660 0.241 0.759 0.000 0
## 95 0.723 0.095 0.905 0.000 2
## 96 -0.026 0.196 0.632 0.172 0
## 97 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 98 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 99 -0.826 0.000 0.750 0.250 0
## 100 0.425 0.188 0.644 0.167 0
## 101 0.402 0.213 0.787 0.000 0
## 102 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 103 -0.751 0.097 0.703 0.200 0
## 104 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 105 -0.392 0.113 0.735 0.152 0
## 106 0.802 0.272 0.665 0.064 0
## 107 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 108 -0.486 0.051 0.847 0.102 0
## 109 0.559 0.475 0.525 0.000 0
## 110 -0.296 0.088 0.782 0.129 0
## 111 0.361 0.164 0.754 0.082 0
## 112 0.077 0.037 0.963 0.000 0
## 113 -0.340 0.101 0.688 0.211 0
## 114 0.273 0.068 0.932 0.000 0
## 115 -0.852 0.024 0.772 0.204 0
## 116 -0.865 0.000 0.713 0.287 0
## 117 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 118 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 119 0.855 0.206 0.794 0.000 0
## 120 0.338 0.114 0.823 0.063 0
## 121 0.557 0.187 0.813 0.000 0
## 122 -0.681 0.106 0.593 0.301 0
## 123 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 124 0.635 0.153 0.800 0.047 0
## 125 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 126 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 127 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 128 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 129 -0.052 0.056 0.885 0.060 0
## 130 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 131 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 132 0.691 0.179 0.821 0.000 0
## 133 -0.696 0.000 0.698 0.302 1
## 134 0.361 0.077 0.923 0.000 0
## 135 0.382 0.120 0.880 0.000 0
## 136 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 137 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 138 -0.511 0.000 0.858 0.142 0
## 139 -0.728 0.062 0.698 0.240 0
## 140 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 141 0.369 0.077 0.884 0.039 0
## 142 -0.063 0.200 0.595 0.205 0
## 143 -0.250 0.000 0.909 0.091 0
## 144 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 145 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 146 0.511 0.084 0.916 0.000 0
## 147 0.077 0.038 0.962 0.000 0
## 148 0.919 0.191 0.809 0.000 2
## 149 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 150 -0.689 0.107 0.676 0.217 1
## 151 0.681 0.258 0.742 0.000 0
## 152 0.832 0.152 0.848 0.000 1
## 153 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 154 0.399 0.138 0.780 0.081 0
## 155 0.660 0.190 0.810 0.000 0
## 156 0.648 0.306 0.694 0.000 0
## 157 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 158 0.768 0.189 0.747 0.065 1
## 159 -0.844 0.000 0.874 0.126 0
## 160 0.103 0.065 0.880 0.056 0
## 161 -0.581 0.000 0.835 0.165 0
## 162 -0.296 0.000 0.909 0.091 0
## 163 0.020 0.200 0.605 0.195 0
## 164 0.614 0.173 0.827 0.000 0
## 165 0.060 0.060 0.885 0.055 0
## 166 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 167 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 168 0.361 0.091 0.909 0.000 0
## 169 0.052 0.120 0.769 0.111 0
## 170 0.440 0.209 0.791 0.000 0
## 171 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 172 -0.738 0.059 0.728 0.213 0
## 173 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 174 0.000 0.057 0.886 0.057 0
## 175 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 176 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 177 0.660 0.278 0.722 0.000 0
## 178 0.318 0.062 0.938 0.000 0
## 179 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 180 0.852 0.378 0.622 0.000 0
## 181 -0.619 0.000 0.787 0.213 0
## 182 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 183 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 184 0.670 0.182 0.774 0.043 0
## 185 -0.914 0.000 0.672 0.328 0
## 186 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 187 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 188 0.502 0.057 0.943 0.000 1
## 189 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 190 0.283 0.118 0.784 0.097 0
## 191 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 192 -0.452 0.000 0.871 0.129 0
## 193 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 194 0.272 0.075 0.925 0.000 0
## 195 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 196 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 197 0.264 0.127 0.790 0.083 0
## 198 -0.340 0.000 0.769 0.231 0
## 199 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 200 -0.625 0.000 0.594 0.406 0
## 201 0.519 0.324 0.676 0.000 0
## 202 -0.691 0.035 0.804 0.161 0
## 203 0.128 0.102 0.813 0.085 0
## 204 -0.477 0.000 0.693 0.307 0
## 205 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 206 -0.296 0.000 0.784 0.216 0
## 207 -0.872 0.024 0.775 0.201 0
## 208 -0.457 0.000 0.626 0.374 0
## 209 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 210 0.273 0.160 0.840 0.000 0
## 211 -0.690 0.115 0.507 0.378 0
## 212 0.557 0.247 0.753 0.000 0
## 213 -0.778 0.077 0.753 0.170 1
## 214 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 215 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 216 -0.700 0.053 0.791 0.156 0
## 217 0.273 0.062 0.938 0.000 0
## 218 0.166 0.159 0.713 0.128 0
## 219 -0.670 0.000 0.784 0.216 0
## 220 0.077 0.126 0.874 0.000 0
## 221 0.660 0.293 0.707 0.000 0
## 222 -0.638 0.000 0.898 0.102 1
## 223 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 224 0.026 0.110 0.825 0.066 0
## 225 -0.410 0.000 0.941 0.059 0
## 226 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 227 -0.190 0.127 0.718 0.155 0
## 228 -0.691 0.110 0.528 0.361 0
## 229 0.735 0.238 0.762 0.000 0
## 230 -0.026 0.051 0.880 0.069 0
## 231 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 232 -0.612 0.000 0.750 0.250 0
## 233 0.440 0.420 0.580 0.000 0
## 234 -0.765 0.000 0.823 0.177 0
## 235 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 236 -0.128 0.000 0.963 0.037 0
## 237 0.340 0.118 0.882 0.000 0
## 238 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 239 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 240 0.153 0.032 0.968 0.000 1
## 241 0.628 0.363 0.637 0.000 0
## 242 0.477 0.118 0.825 0.057 0
## 243 -0.257 0.179 0.576 0.245 0
## 244 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 245 -0.318 0.000 0.948 0.052 0
## 246 0.624 0.313 0.687 0.000 0
## 247 0.034 0.095 0.814 0.092 0
## 248 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 249 0.765 0.190 0.764 0.046 0
## 250 -0.494 0.000 0.775 0.225 0
## 251 0.896 0.546 0.454 0.000 0
## 252 0.077 0.080 0.920 0.000 0
## 253 0.477 0.107 0.893 0.000 0
## 254 0.875 0.238 0.762 0.000 0
## 255 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 256 0.820 0.166 0.799 0.035 1
## 257 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 258 -0.649 0.000 0.936 0.064 0
## 259 -0.554 0.059 0.799 0.143 0
## 260 0.359 0.135 0.865 0.000 0
## 261 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 262 0.801 0.264 0.736 0.000 0
## 263 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 264 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 265 -0.402 0.000 0.748 0.252 0
## 266 -0.735 0.000 0.530 0.470 0
## 267 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 268 -0.633 0.050 0.783 0.167 0
## 269 0.440 0.121 0.879 0.000 0
## 270 -0.717 0.046 0.809 0.145 0
## 271 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 272 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 273 0.669 0.211 0.654 0.134 0
## 274 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 275 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 276 -0.718 0.048 0.787 0.165 1
## 277 -0.844 0.055 0.718 0.227 0
## 278 -0.153 0.000 0.962 0.038 1
## 279 0.795 0.222 0.710 0.067 0
## 280 -0.637 0.043 0.816 0.141 1
## 281 0.677 0.075 0.904 0.021 0
## 282 0.318 0.113 0.887 0.000 0
## 283 -0.318 0.000 0.839 0.161 0
## 284 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 285 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 286 0.338 0.050 0.927 0.023 2
## 287 0.533 0.256 0.744 0.000 0
## 288 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 289 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 290 -0.115 0.145 0.648 0.207 0
## 291 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 292 0.637 0.257 0.743 0.000 0
## 293 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 294 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 295 -0.511 0.000 0.645 0.355 0
## 296 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 297 -0.226 0.000 0.881 0.119 0
## 298 -0.494 0.037 0.867 0.096 0
## 299 0.459 0.176 0.824 0.000 0
## 300 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 301 0.902 0.231 0.769 0.000 0
## 302 0.128 0.051 0.906 0.043 0
## 303 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 304 -0.273 0.000 0.946 0.054 0
## 305 0.361 0.200 0.800 0.000 0
## 306 0.794 0.147 0.853 0.000 0
## 307 0.927 0.268 0.732 0.000 0
## 308 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 2
## 309 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 310 0.867 0.233 0.767 0.000 0
## 311 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 312 -0.477 0.000 0.763 0.237 0
## 313 -0.809 0.025 0.814 0.161 0
## 314 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 315 0.361 0.263 0.737 0.000 0
## 316 -0.153 0.055 0.877 0.069 0
## 317 0.778 0.375 0.625 0.000 0
## 318 0.128 0.063 0.886 0.051 0
## 319 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 320 0.681 0.141 0.859 0.000 0
## 321 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 322 0.883 0.239 0.761 0.000 0
## 323 0.440 0.177 0.697 0.126 0
## 324 0.477 0.279 0.721 0.000 0
## 325 -0.226 0.000 0.934 0.066 0
## 326 -0.606 0.074 0.811 0.115 2
## 327 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 328 -0.468 0.047 0.868 0.085 1
## 329 -0.361 0.000 0.667 0.333 0
## 330 -0.557 0.060 0.769 0.171 0
## 331 0.908 0.241 0.759 0.000 1
## 332 0.493 0.225 0.775 0.000 0
## 333 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 334 -0.494 0.000 0.814 0.186 0
## 335 -0.459 0.065 0.707 0.228 0
## 336 -0.735 0.000 0.794 0.206 1
## 337 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 338 0.202 0.101 0.899 0.000 0
## 339 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 340 0.718 0.163 0.808 0.029 0
## 341 -0.361 0.000 0.950 0.050 0
## 342 0.493 0.197 0.803 0.000 0
## 343 -0.239 0.046 0.886 0.068 0
## 344 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 345 -0.241 0.000 0.918 0.082 0
## 346 -0.494 0.000 0.758 0.242 0
## 347 0.892 0.327 0.673 0.000 0
## 348 -0.340 0.129 0.702 0.169 0
## 349 0.372 0.193 0.627 0.179 1
## 350 -0.331 0.088 0.825 0.088 1
## 351 -0.586 0.000 0.648 0.352 0
## 352 -0.402 0.173 0.526 0.301 0
## 353 0.402 0.119 0.881 0.000 0
## 354 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 355 -0.344 0.091 0.769 0.140 0
## 356 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 357 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 358 0.052 0.160 0.694 0.146 0
## 359 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 360 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 361 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 362 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 363 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 364 -0.318 0.000 0.935 0.065 0
## 365 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 366 -0.318 0.000 0.753 0.247 0
## 367 -0.511 0.000 0.769 0.231 0
## 368 0.052 0.084 0.839 0.078 0
## 369 0.565 0.188 0.741 0.071 0
## 370 -0.700 0.000 0.746 0.254 0
## 371 0.107 0.053 0.881 0.065 2
## 372 -0.511 0.000 0.907 0.093 0
## 373 0.746 0.232 0.655 0.113 2
## 374 0.273 0.189 0.811 0.000 0
## 375 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 376 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 377 0.637 0.203 0.698 0.100 0
## 378 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 379 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 380 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 381 0.340 0.092 0.863 0.044 0
## 382 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 383 -0.439 0.097 0.745 0.158 0
## 384 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 385 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 386 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 387 0.273 0.055 0.945 0.000 0
## 388 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 389 0.897 0.265 0.735 0.000 0
## 390 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 391 0.527 0.103 0.897 0.000 0
## 392 -0.494 0.000 0.775 0.225 0
## 393 0.509 0.097 0.867 0.036 1
## 394 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 395 -0.285 0.000 0.924 0.076 1
## 396 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 1
## 397 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 398 -0.651 0.000 0.675 0.325 0
## 399 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 400 0.273 0.091 0.909 0.000 0
## 401 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 402 -0.878 0.041 0.741 0.218 0
## 403 0.103 0.177 0.671 0.152 0
## 404 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 405 -0.273 0.071 0.798 0.131 0
## 406 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 407 0.470 0.113 0.887 0.000 0
## 408 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 409 0.361 0.094 0.906 0.000 0
## 410 -0.880 0.000 0.742 0.258 0
## 411 -0.556 0.000 0.848 0.152 0
## 412 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 413 -0.668 0.067 0.700 0.234 0
## 414 0.103 0.102 0.804 0.094 0
## 415 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 416 -0.060 0.056 0.884 0.060 1
## 417 0.637 0.075 0.925 0.000 0
## 418 -0.382 0.094 0.729 0.177 0
## 419 -0.572 0.000 0.926 0.074 0
## 420 -0.950 0.000 0.735 0.265 1
## 421 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 422 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 1
## 423 -0.606 0.059 0.850 0.092 1
## 424 0.542 0.333 0.667 0.000 0
## 425 0.623 0.338 0.662 0.000 0
## 426 0.103 0.176 0.676 0.149 0
## 427 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 428 0.402 0.083 0.917 0.000 0
## 429 -0.340 0.000 0.714 0.286 0
## 430 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 1
## 431 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 432 0.318 0.223 0.777 0.000 0
## 433 -0.318 0.055 0.857 0.088 0
## 434 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 435 -0.318 0.000 0.922 0.078 0
## 436 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 437 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 438 0.961 0.335 0.626 0.039 1
## 439 -0.226 0.034 0.909 0.057 0
## 440 -0.026 0.080 0.838 0.082 0
## 441 0.677 0.166 0.834 0.000 0
## 442 -0.660 0.000 0.735 0.265 0
## 443 -0.511 0.000 0.645 0.355 0
## 444 -0.572 0.000 0.684 0.316 0
## 445 -0.380 0.104 0.731 0.165 0
## 446 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 1
## 447 -0.440 0.000 0.914 0.086 0
## 448 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 449 -0.883 0.000 0.775 0.225 0
## 450 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 451 0.586 0.352 0.648 0.000 0
## 452 -0.456 0.124 0.620 0.256 0
## 453 0.440 0.293 0.707 0.000 0
## 454 0.977 0.411 0.589 0.000 0
## 455 -0.052 0.124 0.743 0.134 0
## 456 -0.781 0.000 0.891 0.109 1
## 457 -0.382 0.000 0.833 0.167 0
## 458 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 459 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 460 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 461 -0.718 0.053 0.766 0.181 0
## 462 -0.697 0.175 0.512 0.313 0
## 463 -0.035 0.099 0.799 0.102 0
## 464 -0.226 0.000 0.759 0.241 0
## 465 0.340 0.045 0.955 0.000 0
## 466 -0.598 0.000 0.755 0.245 0
## 467 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 468 -0.432 0.000 0.710 0.290 0
## 469 -0.250 0.064 0.839 0.097 0
## 470 -0.557 0.000 0.714 0.286 0
## 471 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 472 0.258 0.203 0.677 0.120 1
## 473 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 474 0.690 0.185 0.715 0.100 0
## 475 -0.226 0.000 0.954 0.046 0
## 476 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 477 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 478 -0.391 0.026 0.885 0.089 1
## 479 -0.226 0.000 0.899 0.101 0
## 480 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 481 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 482 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 483 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 484 -0.340 0.000 0.789 0.211 0
## 485 -0.913 0.000 0.739 0.261 1
## 486 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 487 -0.511 0.000 0.784 0.216 0
## 488 0.361 0.143 0.857 0.000 0
## 489 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 490 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 491 -0.557 0.133 0.635 0.232 0
## 492 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 493 0.908 0.300 0.700 0.000 0
## 494 0.200 0.130 0.870 0.000 1
## 495 0.077 0.051 0.904 0.045 0
## 496 0.296 0.331 0.465 0.203 0
## 497 -0.624 0.058 0.810 0.132 1
## 498 -0.477 0.000 0.693 0.307 0
## 499 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0
## 500 -0.202 0.000 0.959 0.041 0
Take a look at vader_summary data frame using the
View() function and sort by most positive and negative
tweets.
Does it generally seem accurately identify positive and negative tweets? Could you find any that you think were mislabeled?
Hutto, C. & Gilbert, E. (2014) provide an excellent summary of the VADER package on their GitHub repository and I’ve copied and explanation of the scores below:
compound score is computed by summing the valence
scores of each word in the lexicon, adjusted according to the rules, and
then normalized to be between -1 (most extreme negative) and +1 (most
extreme positive). This is the most useful metric if you want a single
unidimensional measure of sentiment for a given sentence. Calling it a
‘normalized, weighted composite score’ is accurate.NOTE: The compound score is the one
most commonly used for sentiment analysis by most researchers, including
the authors.
Let’s take a look at the average compound score for our CCSS sample of tweets:
mean(vader_ccss$compound)
## [1] 0.002028
Overall, does your CCSS tweets sample lean slightly negative or positive? Is this what you expected?
What if we wanted to compare these results more easily to our other sentiment lexicons just to check if result are fairly consistent?
The author’s note that it is also useful for researchers who would like to set standardized thresholds for classifying sentences as either positive, neutral, or negative. Typical threshold values are:
positive sentiment: compound score
>= 0.05
neutral sentiment: (compound score
> -0.05) and (compound score < 0.05)
negative sentiment: compound score
<= -0.05
Let’s give that a try and see how things shake out:
vader_ccss_summary <- vader_ccss %>%
mutate(sentiment = ifelse(compound >= 0.05, "positive",
ifelse(compound <= -0.05, "negative", "neutral"))) %>%
count(sentiment, sort = TRUE) %>%
spread(sentiment, n) %>%
relocate(positive) %>%
mutate(ratio = negative/positive)
vader_ccss_summary
## positive negative neutral ratio
## 1 163 160 177 0.9815951
Not quite as bleak as we might have expected according to VADER! But then again, VADERs bring an entirely different perspective coming from the dark side
In a separate R script file, try using VADER to perform a sentiment analysis of the NGSS tweets and see how they compare. Post your working code in the chunk below.
ngss_sample <- read_csv("data/ngss-tweets.csv") %>%
sample_n(500)
## Rows: 8125 Columns: 8
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (2): text, source
## dbl (4): author_id, id, conversation_id, in_reply_to_user_id
## lgl (1): possibly_sensitive
## dttm (1): created_at
##
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
vader_ngss <- vader_df(ngss_sample$text)
vader_ngss_summary <- vader_ngss %>%
mutate(sentiment = ifelse(compound >= 0.05, "positive",
ifelse(compound <= -0.05,
"negative", "neutral"))) %>%
count(sentiment, sort = TRUE) %>%
spread(sentiment, n) %>%
relocate(positive) %>%
mutate(ratio = negative/positive)
vader_ngss_summary
## positive negative neutral ratio
## 1 348 42 110 0.1206897
How do our results compare to the CSSS sample of tweets?
In this workshop, we focused on the literature guiding our analysis; wrangling our data into a one-token-per-row tidy text format; and using simple word counts and frequencies to compare common words used in tweets about the NGSS and CCSS curriculum standards. Below, add a few notes in response to the following prompts:
One thing I took away from this learning lab:
One thing I want to learn more about:
Congratulations - you’ve completed the first text mining learning
lab! To complete your work, you can click the drop down arrow at the top
of the file, then select “Knit top HTML”. This will create a report in
your Files pane that serves as a record of your code and its output you
can open or share.If you wanted, you could save the processed data set
to your data folder. The write_csv() function (in
combination with using here() to specify the file path) is
useful for this. The following code is set to not run, as we wanted to
ensure that everyone had the data set needed to begin the second
learning lab, but if you’re confident in your prepared data, you can
save it with the following:
write_csv()
If you’re using data that you brought to the institute or data that you pulled from Twitter, try tidying your data into a tidy text format and examining the top words in your dataset.
If you’d like to use the data we’ve been working with for your reach, let’s take a quick look at bigrams, or tokens consisting of two words.
So far in this lab, we specified tokens as individual words, but many interesting text analyses are based on the relationships between words, which words tend to follow others immediately, or words that tend to co-occur within the same documents.
We can also use the unnest_tokens() function to tokenize
our tweets into consecutive sequences of words, called
n-grams. By seeing how often word X is followed by word
Y, we could then build a model of the relationships between them.
To specify our tokens as bigrams, We do add
token = "ngrams" to the unnest_tokens()
function and setting n to the number of words in each
n-gram. Let’s set n to 2, so we can examine pairs of two
consecutive words, often called “bigrams”:
ss_bigrams <- ss_tweets %>%
unnest_tokens(bigram,
text,
token = "ngrams",
n = 2)
Before we move any further let’s take a quick look at the most common bigrams in our NGSS tweets:
ss_bigrams %>%
count(bigram, sort = TRUE)
## # A tibble: 336,812 × 2
## bigram n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 common core 26667
## 2 https t.co 15375
## 3 core math 8231
## 4 of the 2090
## 5 the common 2055
## 6 in the 1747
## 7 this is 1175
## 8 of common 1127
## 9 to the 1071
## 10 is a 1051
## # … with 336,802 more rows
As we saw above, a lot of the most common bigrams are pairs of common
(uninteresting) words as well. Dealing with these is a little less
straightforward and we’ll need to use the separate()
function from the tidyr package, which splits a column into
multiple based on a delimiter. This lets us separate it into two
columns, “word1” and “word2”, at which point we can remove cases where
either is a stop-word.
library(tidyr)
bigrams_separated <- ss_bigrams %>%
separate(bigram, c("word1", "word2"), sep = " ")
bigrams_filtered <- bigrams_separated %>%
filter(!word1 %in% stop_words$word) %>%
filter(!word2 %in% stop_words$word)
tidy_bigrams <- bigrams_filtered %>%
unite(bigram, word1, word2, sep = " ")
Let’s take a look at our bigram counts now:
tidy_bigrams %>%
count(bigram, sort = TRUE)
## # A tibble: 138,336 × 2
## bigram n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 common core 26667
## 2 https t.co 15375
## 3 core math 8231
## 4 ngsschat https 721
## 5 core standards 683
## 6 core https 636
## 7 math https 630
## 8 gt https 598
## 9 ngss https 456
## 10 core education 419
## # … with 138,326 more rows
Better, but there are still many tokens not especially useful for analysis.
Let’s make a custom custom stop word dictionary for bigrams just like we did for our unigrams. A list is started for you below, but you likely want to expand our list off stop words:
my_words <- c("https", "t.co")
Now let’s separate, filter, and unite again:
tidy_bigrams <- bigrams_separated %>%
filter(!word1 %in% stop_words$word) %>%
filter(!word2 %in% stop_words$word) %>%
filter(!word1 %in% my_words) %>%
filter(!word2 %in% my_words) %>%
unite(bigram, word1, word2, sep = " ")
Note that since my_words is just a vector of words and
not a data frame like stop_words, we do not need to select
the word column using the $ operator.
Let’s take another quick count of our bigrams:
tidy_bigrams %>%
count(bigram, sort = TRUE)
## # A tibble: 120,047 × 2
## bigram n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 common core 26667
## 2 core math 8231
## 3 core standards 683
## 4 core education 419
## 5 core curriculum 372
## 6 gt gt 266
## 7 grade common 252
## 8 bill gates 250
## 9 grade level 250
## 10 public schools 246
## # … with 120,037 more rows
Use the code chunk below to group and count our bigrams by each set of state standards:
# YOUR CODE HERE
What additional insight, if any, did looking at bigrams bring to out analysis?
Note: Citations embedded in R Markdown will only show upon knitting.